Hais txog CPUs, CPU Cores, Clock Ceev, thiab Ntau Ntxiv
Lub chaw ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrab (CPU) yog lub tshuab computer uas yog lub luag haujlwm los txhais cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev siv computer thiab lwm yam khoom siv.
Txhua hom ntawm cov cuab yeej siv lub CPU, nrog rau desktop, laptop, thiab ntsiav tshuaj computers, smartphones ... txawm tias koj lub xov tooj qhib ncaj nraim.
Intel thiab AMD yog ob feem nrov CPU cov manufacturers rau desktops, laptops, thiab servers, thaum cov kua, NVIDIA, thiab Qualcomm yog loj smartphone thiab ntsiav tshuaj CPU cov neeg.
Koj tuaj yeem pom ntau lub npe siv los piav txog CPU, suav nrog processor, computer processor, microprocessor, central processor, thiab "lub hlwb ntawm lub computer."
Lub computer monitor lossis hard drives yog qee zaus yuam kev raug xa mus rau CPU, tab sis cov khoom ntawm lub tshuab ua haujlwm pab txhua yam txawv thiab tsis muaj tib yam li CPU.
Dab tsi yog CPU zoo li thiab nyob qhov twg nws nyob hauv
Lub niaj hnub CPU feem ntau yog me me thiab xwm yeem, muaj ntau yam luv luv, sib npaug, sib txuas ua ke ntawm nws sab hauv. Qee cov laus CPUs muaj pins tsis yog cov xim hlau txuas.
CPU txuas ncaj qha mus rau ib lub "ntsawb" CPU (los sis qee zaum "qhov") ntawm daim npav rau sab xis . Lub CPU yog ntsaws rau hauv lub qhov ntsaws ntawm pin-sab-down-down, thiab lub me qib yuav pab kom tus processor.
Tom qab khiav txawm tias lub sijhawm luv luv, niaj hnub CPUs tuaj yeem tau kub heev. Pab dissipate no kub, nws yog ib txwm tsim nyog yuav tsum xa ib cov cua kub thiab lub kiv cua ncaj nraim rau saum CPU. Feem ntau, cov tuaj yeem ntaus nrog lub CPU yuav.
Lwm cov kev xav paub ntau tshaj yog muaj, nrog rau cov khoom siv dej txias thiab hloov cov units.
Raws li tau hais los saum no, tsis yog txhua tus CPU muaj pins rau lawv sab hauv qab, tab sis nyob rau ntawm cov uas ua, lub koob ntiv tau yooj yim bent. Ua zoo saib xyuas thaum tuav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum txhim kho mus rau lub niam ntawv.
CPU Moos Ceev
Lub moos ceev ntawm ib tus processor yog tus naj npawb ntawm cov lus qhia nws muaj peev xwm ua nyob rau hauv ib qho kev muab ob, ntsuas hauv gigahertz (GHz).
Piv txwv, ib lub CPU muaj ib lub suab ceev ntawm 1 Hz yog tias nws tuaj yeem ua ib qho kev qhia ntawm txhua thib ob. Extrapolating qhov no mus rau ib qho piv txwv ntxiv hauv ntiaj teb: ib qho CPU nrog lub moos ceev ntawm 3.0 GHz ua haujlwm 3 billion cov lus qhia txhua thib ob.
CPU Cores
Qee cov cuab yeej muaj ib tus ntxhais nkaus xwb processor thaum lwm tus muaj peev xwm muaj dual-core (los yog quad-core, etc.) processor. Raws li tej zaum twb yuav pom, muaj ob tug ntawm cov chav ua haujlwm ua hauj lwm sab ntawm txhais tau hais tias CPU tuaj yeem tswj ob zaug cov lus qhia txhua thib ob, txhim kho kev ua tau zoo.
Ib co CPUs yuav ua rau ob lub cores rau txhua tus tub ntxhais lub cev uas muaj, hu ua Hyper-Threading. Virtualizing txhais tau hais tias ib qho CPU nrog plaub lub cores tsuas yog ua haujlwm tau zoo li yog nws muaj yim, nrog rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm CPU ntxiv rau qhov kev cais cais. Lub cev nqaij daim tawv , li cas los, ua tau zoo tshaj cov khoom ua si.
CPU tso cai, qee cov ntawv thov siv tau qhov hu ua multithreading . Yog hais tias ib qho xov yog to taub raws li ib feem ntawm lub computer, ces siv ntau cov lus nyob rau hauv ib qho CPU tus tub txhais tau tias cov lus qhia ntxiv tau taub thiab ua tiav ib zaug. Qee software tau siv cov cuab yeej no rau ntau tshaj ib tus CPU, uas txhais tau hais tias ntau cov lus qhia yuav raug ua tiav ib txhij.
Piv txwv: Intel Core i3 vs. i5 vs. i7
Rau ib qho piv txwv ntxiv txog tias ib txhia CPUs sai li cas rau lwm tus, cia saib saib Intel tau tsim nws txoj haujlwm li cas.
Li koj xav zaum ntawm lawv cov npe, Cheese i7 chips ua tau zoo dua i5 chips, uas ua tau zoo tshaj i3 chips. Yog vim li cas ib tug ua tau zoo dua los yog phem tshaj lwm tus neeg kuj nce mentsis ntxiv, tiam sis tseem zoo nkauj heev to taub.
Intel Core i3 processors yog dual-core processors, thaum i5 thiab i7 chips yog quad-core.
Turbo Boost yog ib qho chaw hauv i5 thiab i7 chips uas ua haujlwm rau tus neeg khiav dej num kom nws lub moos ceev yav tas los nws txoj kev kub ceev, xws li 3.0 GHz mus rau 3.5 GHz, thaum twg nws xav tau. Intel Core i3 chips tsis muaj lub peev xwm no. Processor qauv xaus rau hauv "K" yuav overclocked , txhais tau hais tias qhov no ntxiv moos ceev tau yuam thiab siv txhua lub sijhawm.
Hyper-Threading, raws li tau hais ua ntej, ua rau ob txoj haujlwm yuav raug ua tiav txhua tus tub ntxhais CPU. Qhov no txhais tau tias i3 processors nrog Hyper-Threading yug plaub lub sij hawm sib txig sib txeeb (txij li thaum lawv muaj tub ntxhais dual processors). Intel Core i5 processors tsis txhawb Hyper-Threading, uas txhais tau hais tias lawv, dhau lawm, tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog plaub xov tib lub sijhawm. I7 processors, Txawm li cas los, txhawb qhov kev siv tshuab no, thiab yog li ntawd (ua plaub-tub ntxhais) tuaj yeem ua 8 threads tib lub sijhawm.
Vim tias lub hwj chim txwv tsis pub muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv uas tsis muaj lub hwjchim (xws li roj teeb, cov ntsiav tshuaj, thiab lwm yam), lawv cov kev ua haujlwm-tsis hais tias lawv yog i3, i5, lossis i7-txawv ntawm desktop CPUs nyob rau hauv lawv tias lawv yuav tsum nrhiav kev sib luag ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab kev siv zog.
Xav paub ntxiv txog CPUs
Tsis yog lub suab ceev, tsis yog tus naj npawb ntawm cov CPU cores, yog tib qho kev txiav txim siab seb ib qho CPU yog "zoo dua" dua lwm qhov. Nws feem ntau nyob ntawm ntau hom software uas sau rau hauv lub computer-hauv lwm yam lus, cov ntawv yuav siv CPU.
Ib tug CPU tej zaum yuav muaj lub sij hawm luv ceev tab sis yog ib tug quad-core processor, hos lwm tus muaj lub siab moos ceev tiam sis tsuas yog ib qho kev sib tw dual-core. Txiav txim siab uas CPU yuav ua haujlwm zoo dua rau lwm tus, dua li, nyob ntawm seb qhov CPU siv rau.
Piv txwv, ib tug CPU-demanding video editing kev pab cuam uas ua tau zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau ntau yam CPU cores yuav ua haujlwm zoo dua rau lub tshuab ua haujlwm ntau nrog cov moos speeds tsawg tshaj li qhov nws xav tau rau ib leeg-ntxhais CPU nrog siab moos speeds. Tsis yog txhua tus software, kev ua si, thiab lwm yam tseem muaj peev xwm siv sijhawm ntau dua li ib los yog ob lub qhwv, ua ib qho ntxiv muaj CPU cores zoo nkauj tsis zoo.
Lwm feem ntawm CPU yog cache. CPU cache yog zoo li qhov chaw ib ntus uas siv rau cov ntaub ntawv uas tau siv. Tsis txhob hu xov tooj rau cov ntaub ntawv siv rau hauv random ( RAM ) rau cov khoom no, CPU txiav txim siab seb cov ntaub ntawv koj xav kom siv, xav tias koj yuav xav siv nws, thiab muab khaws cia rau hauv lub cache. Cache yog sai dua li siv RAM vim nws yog ib feem ntawm tus processor; ntau cache txhais tau tias ntau qhov chaw rau kev tuav cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no.
Seb koj lub computer tuaj yeem khiav tau 32-ntsis lossis 64-ntsis operating system nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv qhia tias CPU tuaj yeem kov tau. Nco dua yuav nkag mus rau ib zaug thiab nyob rau hauv loj dua nrog ib tug 64-ntsis processor tshaj 32-ntsis ib qho, uas yog vim li cas operating systems thiab daim ntaub ntawv muaj 64-ntsis-tseeb tsis khiav ntawm 32-ntsis processor.
Koj tuaj yeem pom lub computer CPU cov ntsiab lus, nrog rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv kho vajtse, nrog rau feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv pub dawb .
Txhua tus niam ntawv txhawb zog siab txog qee yam ntawm CPU hom, yog li ntawd nco ntsoov xyuas nrog koj lub chaw lag luam motherboard ua ntej koj yuav khoom. CPUs tsis zoo tag nrho, los ntawm txoj kev. Tsab xov xwm no tshab txhais txog dab tsi mus nrog lawv .