Cov neeg feem coob saib qhov kev txuas ntxiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab ces twv hom ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov kev txuas ntxiv. Piv txwv li thaum koj pom cov ntaub ntawv nrog kev txuas ntxiv ntawm gif, jpg, bmp los yog png koj yuav xav txog cov ntaub ntawv duab thiab thaum koj pom cov ntaub ntawv nrog rau cov zip ntxiv koj xav tias cov ntaub ntawv tau raug compressed siv lub zip compression utility .
Hauv qhov tseeb ib daim ntawv tuaj yeem muaj ib qhov kev txuas ntxiv tab sis ua ib yam dab tsi zoo rau nws thiab yog tias cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj kev txhim kho li cas koj tuaj yeem txiav txim tau hom ntaub ntawv?
Hauv Linux koj tuaj yeem paub tias cov ntaub ntawv muaj tseeb uas yog siv cov ntaub ntawv hais kom ua.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Cov Lus Cim Ua Haujlwm
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv, cov lus txib hais ua tiav peb qho kev ntsuam xyuas tawm tsam cov ntaub ntawv:
- filesystem xeem
- kev kuaj khawv koob
- kev xeem lus
Thawj txheej ntawm cov ntawv xeem rov qab tuaj yeem ua rau hom ntaub ntawv luam tawm.
Kev ntsuam xyuas Filesystem xyuas qhov xa rov qab los ntawm ib qho kev hu ua stat. Qhov kev zov me nyuam xyuas kom pom tias cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj dab tsi thiab seb nws yog ib qho tshwj xeeb cov ntaub ntawv. Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob hauv cov ntaub ntawv system header nws yuav xa rov qab ua hom ntaub ntawv uas siv tau.
Cov kev kuaj hauv khawv koob tshawb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab tau ob peb bytes thaum pib uas yuav pab txiav txim tau cov hom ntaub ntawv. Muaj ntau ntau cov ntaub ntawv uas tau siv los pab muab cov ntaub ntawv nrog nws cov hom ntaub ntawv thiab cov no muab cia rau hauv / yam / khawv koob, / usr / qhia / misc / magic.mgc, / usr / qhia / misc / khawv koob. Koj tuaj yeem hla cov ntaub ntawv no los ntawm qhov muab cov ntaub ntawv tso rau hauv koj daim nplaub tshev hauv tsev hu ua $ HOME / .magic.mgc lossis $ HOME / .magic.
Cov kev ntsuam xyuas zaum kawg yog lus xeem. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog xyuas kom pom tias nws yog ib phau ntawv nyeem. Los soj ntsuam thawj ob peb bytes ntawm cov ntaub ntawv koj tuaj yeem deduct seb nws yog ASCII, UTF-8, UTF-16 lossis lwm hom uas txiav txim tau cov ntaub ntawv ua cov ntawv luam tawm. Thaum cov cim teeb tau raug deduced lawm cov ntaub ntawv raug kuaj tawm tsam hom lus. Piv txwv yog cov ntaub ntawv ac program.
Yog hais tias tsis muaj kev ntsuam xyuas ua hauj lwm cov zis tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv.
Siv Qhov Kev Ua Ntaub Ntawv Ua Kom Tau Li Cas
Cov lus txib hais kom siv tau raws li nram no:
filename filename
Piv txwv li xav tias koj muaj ib daim ntawv hu ua file1 koj yuav khiav cov lus txib nram qab no:
ua ntaub ntawv file1
Cov zis yuav yog ib yam zoo li no:
file1: PNG duab cov ntaub ntawv, 640 x 341, 8-ntsis / xim RGB, tsis-interlaced
Cov zis qhia tau txiav txim file1 los ua cov ntaub ntawv duab los yog xav paub ntau ntxiv txog cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm (portable network graphic (PNG).
Cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv ua txawv txawv li nram qab no:
- ISO hom ntaub ntawv - DOS / MBR khau raj sector ISO 9660 CD-ROM filesystem cov ntaub ntawv 'daim ntawv lo' (khau raj); kev faib tawm 2: ID = 0xef, pib-CHS (0x3ff, 254,63), xaus-CHS (0x3ff, 4,63) pib 1496, 4736 sectors
- ODS hom ntaub ntawv - OpenDocument Spreadsheet
- PDF hom ntawv - PDF Document, version 1.4
- CSV ntawv hom - ASCII ntawv, nrog cov kab ntev, nrog CRLF kab ntsuas
Customize cov Output los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais kom ua
Yog vim li cas, cov lus txib thov muab cov ntaub ntawv lub npe thiab ces tag nrho cov ntsiab lus saum cov ntaub ntawv. Yog tias koj tsuas xav tau cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv npe rov qab siv cov kev hloov hauv qab no:
file -b file1
Cov zis yuav yog ib yam zoo li no:
PNG duab cov ntaub ntawv, 640 x 341, 8-ntsis / xim RGB, tsis-interlaced
Koj kuj tuaj yeem hloov qhov kev txwv ntawm cov npe filename thiab hom.
Los ntawm kev ua neej, tus delimiter yog ib qho nyuv (:), tiam sis koj tuaj yeem hloov nws rau txhua yam koj nyiam xws li cov yeeb nkab cim raws li hauv qab no:
ntaub ntawv -F '|' file1
Cov zis yuav tam sim no yog ib yam zoo li no:
file1 | PNG duab cov ntaub ntawv, 640 x 341, 8-ntsis / xim RGB, tsis-interlaced
Tuav ntau cov ntaub ntawv
Yog lub neej ua ntej, koj yuav siv cov lus hais kom ua tawm tsam cov ntaub ntawv. Koj tuaj yeem, txawm li ntawd los, hais kom meej ib daim ntawv filename uas muaj cov npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau ua tiav los ntawm cov lus txib ua haujlwm:
Ua piv txwv qhib ib daim ntawv hu ua testfiles siv tus nano editor thiab ntxiv cov kab rau nws:
- / etc / passwd
- /etc/pam.conf
- / etc / opt
Txuag cov ntaub ntawv thiab khiav cov lus hais hauv qab no:
ntawv -f testfiles
Cov zis yuav yog ib yam zoo li no:
/ etc / passwd: ASCII ntawv nyeem
/etc/pam.conf: ASCII ntawv nyeem
/ etc / opt: directory
Compressed Cov Ntaub Ntawv
Los ntawm lub neej thaum koj khiav cov ntaub ntawv hais kom ua tawm tsam compressed file koj yuav pom cov zis ib yam zoo li no:
file.zip: ZIP archive cov ntaub ntawv, tsawg kawg V2.0 mus extract
Whilst no qhia rau koj tias cov ntaub ntawv yog cov ntaub ntawv archive koj tsis tshua paub cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Koj tuaj yeem saib hauv cov ntaub ntawv zauv pom cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov ntawv luam tawm.
Cov lus txib nram qab no sau cov lus hais kom tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv hauv ZIP cov ntaub ntawv:
cov ntaub ntawv -z filename
Cov zis yuav tam sim no qhia cov ntaub ntawv hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub archive.
Txoj kev xaus
Feem ntau, cov neeg feem coob yuav cia li siv cov lus txib hais kom nrhiav tau cov hom ntaub ntawv tab sis kom paub ntau ntxiv txog txhua yam ntawm cov lus hais hauv cov lus hais ua muaj cov hauv qab no rau hauv qhov rais dav hlau:
txiv neej file