Siv ntawm qhov kev taw qhia kev ua lag luam Linux

Cov khoom yuav tsum tau muab cais tawm rau hauv qee txoj kev

Cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv ib phau ntawv Linux yuav muab txheeb nrog cov lus qhuab qhia raws li ntev raws li txhua lub caij muaj kev cais tawm. Feem ntau, lub sij hawm yog siv raws li qhov cais tawm rau cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm.

Cov Cai Cai Txog Qhov Kev Xaiv

Qhov kev hais kom ua tiav hloov cov kab hauv cov ntawv nyeem los xaiv lawv suav thiab pawg. Lub neej txoj cai rau qhov kev hais kom ua tiav yog:

• Cov ntawv nyeem pib nrog ib tus lej tshwm sim ua ntej ntawv uas pib nrog tsab ntawv; txo cov zauv cim ua ntej.
• Cov ntawv nyeem pib nrog ib tsab ntawv uas tshwm nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj ntawv ua ntej tias thawj tsab ntawv ntawm lwm cov ntawv sau cia ua ntej cov ntawv nyeem uas pib nrog ib tsab ntawv uas tshwm sim rau tom qab ntawv.
• Nyob qhov twg cov ntawv nyeem pib nrog cov ntawv loj thiab qis me me ntawm tib tsab ntawv, qhov kev txo qis qis yog sorted ua ntej.

Txhim Kho Cov Ntawv Teev Tseg

Yuav kom txheeb cov kab hauv cov ntaub ntawv delimited Linux, koj siv qhov kev hais kom ua zoo li no:

$ sort-k2 test.txt

uas xaiv cov ntaub ntawv "test.txt" raws li cov cim pib ntawm kab thib ob (k2 hais txog kem ob). Piv txwv tias cov ntaub ntawv tawm tswv yim yog:

1, Justin Timberlake, Title 545, Nqe $ 7.30 2, Taylor Swift, Title 723, Nqe $ 7.90 3, Mick Jagger, Title 610, Nqe $ 7.90 4, Lady Gaga, Title 118, Nqe $ 7.30 5, Johnny Nyiaj, Title 482, Nqe $ 6.50 6, Elvis Presley, Title 335, Nqe $ 7.30 7, John Lennon, Title 271, Nqe $ 7.90 8, Michael Jackson, Title 373, Nqe $ 5.50

Vim tias ob sab lus thib ob hauv qhov kev piv txwv no muaj npe thiab xeem lub npe, cov npe tawm ntawm cov npe ntawm thawj lub npe ntawm thawj lub npe ntawm tus neeg thib ob hauv Elvis, John, Johnny, Justin, Lady, Michael, Mick, thiab Taylor , raws li qhia hauv qab no:

6, Elvis Presley, Title 335, Nqe $ 6.30 7, John Lennon, Title 271, Nqe $ 7.90 5, Johnny Cash, Title 482, Nqe $ 6.50 1, Justin Timberlake, Nqe 545, Nqe $ 6.30 4, Lady Gaga, Title 118, Nqe $ 6.30 8, Michael Jackson, Title 373, Nqe $ 5.50 3, Mick Jagger, Title 610, Nqe $ 7.90 2, Taylor Swift, Title 723, Nqe $ 7.90

Yog tias koj txheeb cov ntaub ntawv nrog -k3 (siv cov kab txheem pib ntawm sab 3-Title Title column), cov zis yog:

4, pojniam Gaga, Title 118, Nqe $ 6.30 7, John Lennon, Title 271, Nqe $ 7.90 6, Elvis Presley, Title 335, Nqe $ 6.30 8, Michael Jackson, Title 373, Nqe $ 5.50 5, Johnny Nyiaj, Title 482, Nqe $ 6.50 1, Justin Timberlake, Title 545, Nqe $ 6.30 3, Mick Jagger, Title 610, Nqe $ 7.90 2, Taylor Swift, Title 723, Nqe $ 7.90

thiab

$ sort-k4 test.txt

tsim ib daim ntawv teev sorted los ntawm tus nqi:

8, Michael Jackson, Title 373, Nqe $ 5.50 1, Justin Timberlake, Nqe 545, Nqe $ 6.30 4, Lady Gaga, Title 118, Nqe $ 6.30 6, Elvis Presley, Title 335, Nqe $ 6.30 5, Johnny Nyiaj, Title 482, Nqe $ 6.50 2, Taylor Swift, Title 723, Nqe $ 7.90 3, Mick Jagger, Title 610, Nqe $ 7.90 7, John Lennon, Title 271, Nqe $ 7.90

Reversing ib qho

Cov kev xaiv -r xaiv tau qhov kev cais. Piv txwv, siv cov ntsiab lus saum toj no:

$ sort-k4 -r test.txt

yields:

7, John Lennon, Title 271, Nqe $ 7.90 3, Mick Jagger, Title 610, Nqe $ 7.90 2, Taylor Swift, Title 723, Nqe $ 7.90 5, Johnny Nyiaj, Nqe 482, Nqe $ 6.50 6, Elvis Presley, Title 335, Nqe $ 6.30 4, Lady Gaga, Title 118, Nqe $ 6.30 1, Justin Timberlake, Title 545, Nqe $ 6.30 8, Michael Jackson, Nqe 373, Nqe $ 5.50

Txuag Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tawm Tseg

Xaiv cov ntaub ntawv tsis txuag nws. Kom txuag tau daim ntawv txheeb hauv cov ntaub ntawv, koj siv tus redirect tus neeg teb xov tooj:

sort-k4 -r test.txt> test_new.txt

qhov twg "test_new.txt" yog cov ntaub ntawv tshiab.

Sorting ib cov Tawm Lag Luam

Koj tuaj yeem siv qhov kev hais kom ua tiav rau qhov tso tawm ntawm lub kwj deg, xws li cov neeg teb xov tooj:

$ ls -al | sort-r -n-k5

Qhov no hloov cov zis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau los ntawm ls hais kom ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv loj, pib nrog cov ntaub ntawv loj tshaj. Tus neeg teb xov tooj tsis suav cov zauv tawm ntawm qhov tsis muaj tseeb.