Txhim kho qhov network hauv zos uas yog txoj cai rau koj
Lub computer network rau lub tsev thiab lag luam me kuj ua tau los siv xov tooj cua lossis wireless technology. Wired Ethernet tau ua qhov kev xaiv nyob rau hauv tsev, tiamsis Wi-Fi thiab lwm yam kev xaiv muaj kev sib txuas lus muaj av ceev ceev. Ob leeg wired thiab wireless yuav thov kom zoo dua ib leeg; ob qho tag nrho sawv cev rau kev siv tau hauv tsev thiab lwm qhov chaw hauv zos (LANs) .
Hauv qab no, peb sib piv hauv wired thiab wireless network hauv tsib yam tseem ceeb:
- yooj yim ntawm installation
- tag nrho cov nqi
- kev ntseeg tau
- kev ua tau zoo
- kev ruaj ntseg
Txog Wired LANs
Wired LANs siv Ethernet cables thiab network adapters . Txawm hais tias ob lub koos pis tawj ncaj ncaj los siv sib txuas nrog Ethernet crossover cable , wired LANs feem ntau kuj xav kom siv nruab nrab xws li hub , keyboards , lossis routers kom haum cov computers ntxiv.
Rau kev sib txuas ntawm kev sib txuas lus hauv Internet, lub computer tuav lub modem yuav tsum khiav Internet Kev Sib Koom lossis sib xws software kom sib txuas nrog tag nrho lwm cov computers hauv LAN. Cov neeg siv kev lag luam muaj peev xwm muab kev sib txuas ntawm cable modem lossis DSL Internet sib txuas, ntxiv rau lawv muaj xws li kev them nyiaj yug rau kev ruaj ntseg .
Nruab Nruab
Ethernet cables yuav tsum khiav tawm ntawm txhua lub computer mus rau lwm lub computer los yog hauv nruab nrab lub cuab yeej. Nws tuaj yeem siv sij hawm-siv thiab nyuaj tsav cov cables hauv av los yog los ntawm phab ntsa, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siv computer zaum hauv chav sib txawv.
Qee cov tsev tshiab yuav tsum muaj kab ntsig nrog CAT5 cable, ua kom yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem cabling thiab kev txhim kho cov kabmob ua tsis zoo.
Qhov tseeb cabling configuration rau lub wired LAN nws txawv nyob ntawm tus sib xyaw cov cuab yeej, hom kev twb kev txuas hauv Internet , thiab seb cov kev siv sab hauv los yog sab nrauv siv. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj cov kev xaiv no ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau dua li, piv txwv li, thaiv qhov tsev ua yeeb yam hauv tsev .
Tom qab kev kho vajtse, cov kauj ruam ntxiv hauv cov txheej txheem wireless lossis wireless LANs tsis sib txawv. Ob leeg tso siab rau cov txheej txheem hauv Internet thiab cov kev khiav haujlwm network tsim kho. Laptops thiab lwm cov khoom siv txav ceev feem ntau yeej zoo siab nyob hauv kev sib txuas cov wireless network tsev (tsawg kawg yog tias ntev li ntev tau lawv cov roj teeb cia).
Tus nqi
Ethernet cables, hubs, thiab keyboards yog pheej yig. Qee qhov sib txuas sib txuas software tej pob khoom, zoo li ICS, yog dawb; qee tus nqi them tus nqi nominal. Cov kev lag luam ntawm Broadband ntau dua, tab sis cov no yog cov khoom siv ntawm lub wired LAN, thiab lawv cov nqi siab yog offset los ntawm cov txiaj ntsim ntawm kev txhim kho yooj yim thiab muaj kev ruaj ntseg built-in.
Kev ntseeg
Ethernet cables, hubs, thiab cov keyboards yeej tsis tshua muaj kev ruaj ntseg, feem ntau vim cov tuam txhab tau tsim kho hluav taws xob Ethernet ntau dua li ob peb lub xyoo. Loose cables yuav nyob twj ywm rau ib qho tshaj plaws thiab qhov teeb meem tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev tsis ua hauj lwm hauv ib lub network. Thaum nruab ib lub wired LAN los yog tsiv dua ib qho ntawm cov khoom tom qab, nco ntsoov xyuas cov kev txuas txuas kab ke .
Cov kev lag luam ntawm sab nraud kuj tau raug kev tsim txom los ntawm qee cov teeb meem kev cia siab rau yav dhau los. Tsis zoo li lwm cov Ethernet iav, cov khoom no yog cov tshiab, ntau yam khoom siv.
Cov kev lag luam ntawm Broadband tau loj hlob dhau ob peb xyoos dhau los thiab lawv cov kev cia siab tau zoo dua qub.
Kev ua tau zoo
Wired LANs muaj kev ua tau zoo. Tsoos Ethernet sib txuas tsuas yog siv 10 Mbps bandwidth xwb, tab sis 100 Mbps Cov Kev Siv Tawm Teeb Suab Nruab Nruab Nrab yog ib qho me me ntxiv thiab muaj kev npaj txhij. Txawm hais tias 100 Mbps nruab nrab yog qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws qhov kev ua haujlwm yeej tsis tshua muaj tiav rau hauv kev xyaum, Cov Kev Pab Daws Teeb Hla yooj yim yuav tsum txaus rau cov ntaub ntawv sib qhia hauv tsev , gaming, thiab high-speed Internet tau ntau xyoo rau yav tom ntej.
Wired LANs siv lub hub yuav tuaj yeem ua rau kev poob qeeb yog cov computers siv lub network ib zaug ib zaug.
Siv Ethernet keyboards es tsis txhob hub kom tsis txhob muaj qhov teeb meem no; qhov hloov ntawm cov nqi ntau dua li ntawm lub hub.
Kev ruaj ntseg
Rau txhua lub wired LAN txuas nrog Internet, firewalls yog thawj qhov kev ruaj ntseg. Wired Ethernet hubs thiab cov keyboards tsis txhawb kev ruaj ntseg. Txawm li cas los xij, firewall software cov khoom xws li ZoneAlarm tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau hauv lawv cov computers. Broadband routers muaj tshaj hluav taws xob ua tau rau hauv lub cuab yeej, configurable los ntawm nws tus kheej software.
Txog Wireless LANs
Nrov WLAN nrov tag nrho ua raws li ib qho ntawm peb qhov qauv ntsiab lus hauv Wi-nkaus . Cov txiaj ntsim ntawm kev sib tshua sib sim yog nyob ntawm seb tus qauv siv li cas:
- 802.11b yog thawj tus qauv siv rau hauv WLANs.
- Tus txheej txheem 802.11a yog ceev tab sis kim tshaj 802.11b; 802.11a feem ntau pom muaj nyob hauv kev lag luam tes hauj lwm.
- Tus txheej txheem tshiab tshaj plaws, 802.11g , sim muab qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ob qho tib si ntawm 802.11a thiab 802.11b, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev xaiv tsev network.
Nruab Nruab
Wi-nkaus networks yuav kho tau ob qho kev sib txawv:
- "Ad-hoc" hom ntawv tso cai rau kev sib txuas lus nyob rau hauv kev sib tham nrog cov phooj ywg.
- "Infrastructure" hom ntawv tso cai rau wireless cov cuab yeej sib txuas lus nrog lub hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov uas tig tau sib txuas lus nrog cov kab ntsig ntawm qhov LAN.
Feem ntau cov LANs xav tau cov hom kev lag luam kom nkag mus rau hauv Internet, lub tshuab luam ntawv , los yog lwm cov kev pabcuam, uas yog hom hos txhawb cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv wireless .
Ob tus Wi-nkaus hom yuav tsum muaj wireless network adapters, qee zaus hu ua WLAN cards. Infrastructure hom WLANs ntxiv rau ib qho nruab nrab ntaus ntawv hu ua qhov point of access . Qhov kev taw tes nkag yuav tsum tau muab nruab rau hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm qhov wireless xov tooj cua tuaj yeem ncav cuag nrog tsawg cuam tshuam. Txawm hais tias Wi-nkaus Pib ntsais koj teeb muaj feem ntau mus txog 100 feet (30 m) los yog ntau dua, obstructions zoo li phab ntsa ua tau kom txo tau lawv qhov.
Tus nqi
Wireless iav nqi me ntsis ntau tshaj qhov sib txawv ntawm Ethernet khoom.
Ntawm tag nrho cov nqi muag khoom, cov wireless adapters thiab cov ntsiab lus nkag tuaj yeem yuav raug nqi peb lossis plaub zaug ntau npaum li Ethernet cable adapters thiab hubs / keyboards, feem. 802.11b cov khoom tau nqis rau nqi txuam nrog qhov kev tso tawm ntawm 802.11g, thiab obviously, khom nqi muag yuav nrhiav tau yog cov neeg muag khoom yog pheej.
Kev ntseeg
Wireless LANs raug kev txom nyem ib qho teeb meem ntau tshaj qhov teeb meem ntau tshaj li LAN wired, tab sis tej zaum tsis txaus los ua kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb. 802.11b thiab 802.11g wireless signals yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm cov khoom siv hauv tsev xws li lub qhov cub microwave, cov xov tooj tsis muaj xov tooj , thiab chaw nres tsheb qhov rooj. Nrog ceev faj installation, yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tau tsawg.
Wireless networking khoom , tshwj xeeb yog cov uas siv 802.11g, yog cov tshiab. Ib yam li cov tshuab tshiab, cia siab tias nws yuav siv sij hawm rau cov khoom no kom paub tab.
Kev ua tau zoo
Wireless LANs siv 802.11b txhawb ntau qhov theoretical bandwidth ntawm 11 Mbps, roughly tib yam li cov qub, cov Ethernet. 802.11a thiab 802.11g WLANs kev them nyiaj yug 54 Mbps , uas yog kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm qhov kev sib txuas ntawm Fast Ethernet. Txuas ntxiv, WI-Fi kev ua tau zoo nrug, txhais tau tias qhov kev kawm siab tshaj plaws yuav degrade rau ntawm cov computers kom deb ntawm kev nkag los lossis lwm qhov kev sib txuas lus. Raws li cov wireless ntau siv lub WLAN ntau hnyav zog, kev ua haujlwm degrades txawm tias ntxiv.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, kev ua tau zoo ntawm 802.11a thiab 802.11g yog txaus rau kev sib koom hauv Internet thiab sib faib cov ntaub ntawv , tab sis feem ntau tsis txaus rau hauv tsev LAN gaming.
Qhov kev sib txuas ntawm wireless LANs ntau pab kom offset qhov ua tsis zoo. Mobile computers tsis tas yuav muab khi rau hauv Ethernet cable thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm dawb hauv WLAN ntau. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau lub computer hauv tsev yog cov duab qauv loj dua, thiab cov tshuab hlwb hlau txawm yuav tsum tau muab khi rau hluav taws xob thiab qhov hluav taws xob. Qhov no ua rau kom muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo dua ntawm WLANs hauv ntau lub tsev.
Kev ruaj ntseg
Hauv kev xav, wireless LANs tsis ruaj ntseg dua wired LANs, vim tias cov kev sib tham wireless tau taug kev los ntawm huab cua thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tau yooj yim. Los ua pov thawj rau lawv cov taw tes, qee tus engineers tau txhawb qhov kev xyaum ntawm kev mob siab , uas yog kev mus los ntawm thaj chaw nyob nrog cov khoom siv Wi-Fi kev xa cov cua hauv WLANs uas tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv.
Ntawm kev tshuav, ho, qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm kev ruaj ntseg wireless yog ntau yam theoretical tshaj qhov ua tau. WLANs tiv thaiv lawv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) encryption txuj, uas ua rau kev sib txuas lus tsis tsim nyog raws li kev nyab xeeb nyob hauv tsev.
Tsis muaj computer network yog kev ruaj ntseg thiab cov tswv tsev yuav tsum tshawb nrhiav lub ntsiab lus no kom lawv paub thiab nyiam nrog cov kev pheej hmoo. Tseem ceeb cov kev xav txog kev ruaj ntseg rau cov tswv tsev yuav tsis muaj feem xyuam nrog seb lub network yog wired lossis wireless tab sis theej paub meej:
- lub tsev lub internet qhov internet firewall raug kho kom zoo
- tsev neeg paub txog qhov kev phem ntawm Internet "spoof emails" thiab yuav ua li cas paub txog lawv
- tsev neeg paub txog lub tswv yim ntawm "spyware" thiab yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob muaj nws
- cov neeg zov me nyuam, cov neeg tu vaj tse, thiab lwm tus neeg tuaj xyuas tsis muaj kev nkag mus rau lub network
Xaus
Koj tau kawm cov kev ntsuam xyuas thiab npaj txhij los txiav txim siab rau koj. Hauv qab kab, ces, uas yog qhov zoo dua - wired los yog wireless? Cov lus hauv qab no piav qhia txog cov ntsiab lus peb tau pom hauv tsab xov xwm no. Yog tias koj paub meej-xis, yuav tsum tau ua qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm koj lub tsev, thiab tsis xav ntau txog kev tsav tsheb, ces ib tus kab Ethernet LAN yog qhov zoo rau koj.
Yog tias ntawm qhov tod tes, tus nqi tsawg dua ntawm qhov teeb meem, koj xav tau ua tus thawj coj tshiab, thiab koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog txoj hauj lwm ntawm kev ntiav koj lub tsev lossis lag luam me nrog Ethernet cable, ces koj yuav tsum xav txog wireless LAN.
Ntau yam ntawm koj yuav ib txwm poob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm ob lub khob no. Yog tias koj tseem tsis tau txiav txim siab, xav txog cov phooj ywg thiab tsev neeg txog lawv cov kev paub nrog cov chaw tsim teeb meem hauv LAN. Thiab, siv li ob peb feeb ntxiv nrog peb lub tswv yim sib tham hauv Network Network Advisor . Nws yuav pab koj txiav txim siab txog hom kev lag luam nrog rau lub vev xaib uas koj xav tau.
Muab nws sim: Tsev Advisor Network
Wired vs Wireless
| Wired | Wireless | |
| Nruab Nruab | teeb meem nyuaj | yooj yim, tab sis ua zoo ntshai cuam tshuam |
| Tus nqi | tsawg dua | ntau dua |
| Kev ntseeg | siab | tubntxhais siab |
| Kev ua tau zoo | zoo heev | zoo |
| Kev ruaj ntseg | zoo tubntxhais | zoo tubntxhais |
| Mobility | txwv | zoo heev |