Lub Computer Operating System yog dab tsi?
Cov kauj ruam siv software uas tsis tshua muaj siab hu ua operating system (O / S) los pab tib neeg ua haujlwm rau lub cev. Ib qho O / S ua haujlwm rau kev siv software (hu ua "cov kev pab cuam") nrog rau kev tsim kho tshiab. Kev khiav haujlwm software software tsis yog nyob ntawm cov computers xwb, tiam sis tseem ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm tes, network routers thiab lwm yam khoom sib koom ua ke.
Hom Kev Siv Tshuab
Pua pua ntawm nyias lub computer operating systems tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo los ntawm corporations, universities, thiab enterprising cov neeg. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws-paub lub operating systems yog cov uas muaj nyob ntawm tus kheej cov computers:
- Microsoft lub Xeem
- Mac OS X
- Linux
Qee lub operating systems yog tsim los rau qee hom khoom siv, xws li
- Kua iOS thiab Google Android (ib variant ntawm Linux) - rau xov tooj ntawm tes
- Solaris, HP-UX, DG-UX, thiab lwm yam kev hloov ntawm Unix - rau cov tshuab computer
- DEC VMS (Virtual Memory System) - rau kev siv computer
Lwm lub lag luam tshuab nyiam lub sij hawm ntawm notoriety, tiam sis tsuas yog keeb kwm kev txaus siab tam sim no:
- Novell Netware yog ib qho nrov O / S rau PCs hauv xyoo 1990s
- IBM OS / 2 yog PC PC / S uas sib tw nrog Microsoft Windows ib lub sij hawm, tiam sis tsis tau zoo nyob rau hauv lub khw cov neeg lag luam
- Multics yog ib qho tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws kev lag luam tsim rau lub hauv paus loj rau xyoo 1960, uas cuam tshuam txog kev loj hlob ntawm Unix
Network Operating Systems
Ib tug niaj hnub O / S muaj ntau built-in software tsim los piv rau networking ntawm lub computer. Xws li O / S software muaj xws li kev siv TCP / IP cov txheej txheem thiab lwm yam kev pabcuam xws li ping thiab traceroute. Qhov no suav nrog cov tsav tsheb tsim nyog thiab lwm yam software kom txais tau lub cuab yeej Ethernet interface. Mobile devices kuj nquag muab cov kev pab tsim nyog rau Wi-nkaus , Bluetooth , lossis lwm yam kev sib txuas lus wireless.
Thaum ntxov versions ntawm Microsoft Windows tsis muab kev pabcuam rau computer networking . Microsoft ntxiv muaj peev xwm ua tau yooj yim rau hauv nws qhov kev khiav hauj lwm uas pib nrog Windows 95 thiab Windows for Workgroups . Microsoft kuj qhia txog nws qhov Internet Kev Sib Txuas Lus (ICS) nyob hauv Windows 98 Second Edition (Win98 SE), Hom HomeGroup rau hauv tsev networking hauv Windows 7, thiab ntxiv rau. Tshaj tawm uas nrog Unix, uas tau tsim los ntawm qhov pib nrog kev sib tham hauv kev pom. Yuav luag txhua tus neeg tau txais kev pab O / S hnub no tsim nyog raws li lub network operating system vim yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Internet thiab tsev networking.
Cov Haujlwm Tso Dej (Embedded Operating Systems)
Ib lub npe hu ua embedded system txhawb tsis muaj lossis txwv tsis pub siv nws cov software. Cov kab ke ua haujlwm xws li routers, piv txwv li, feem ntau muaj xws li lub Web site tos ua ntej, DHCP tus neeg siv khoom, thiab qee cov kev siv hluav taws xob, tiam sis tsis tso cai rau cov kev pabcuam tshiab. Piv txwv ntawm cov txheej txheem khiav hauj lwm rau cov txheej txheem xws li:
- Cisco IOS (Internetwork Operating System)
- DD-WRT
- Juniper Junos
Lub cim OS kuj tuaj yeem pom muaj nyob hauv cov xov tooj ntawm cov neeg siv khoom xws li cov xov tooj (iPhone OS), PDAs (Windows CE), thiab digital media players (ipodlinux).