Siv chmod rau Alter lossis Hloov Cov Ntaub Ntawv thiab Cov Ntawv Teev Cia Tawm
Unix thiab Linux operating systems cob txoj cai rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab txoj kev siv ib qho ntawm peb hom kev nkag (nyeem, sau ntawv thiab ua kev nplua) muab rau txhua tus ntawm 3 pawg (tswv, pab pawg thiab lwm cov neeg siv).
Yog tias koj sau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas siv cov lus txib ls nrog lub -l hloov (piv txwv li ls -l filename ), nws yuav xa cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav zoo ib yam li -rwe-rw-r-- uas yog tus nyeem ntawv, sau ntawv thiab coj cov cai rau tus tswv, nyeem ntawv thiab sau ntawv tso cai rau cov pab pawg thiab tsuas nyeem ntawv rau tag nrho lwm cov neeg siv.
Txhua hom ntawm cov kev cai nkag tau muaj qhov sib piv hauv cov nqi hauv qab no:
- nyeem = 4
- sau = 2
- txim tuag = 1
Qhov tseem ceeb rau cov cai nkag mus rau txhua pawg ntawm kev sib koom ua ke muab tau tus nqi ntawm 0 thiab 7 uas yog siv los muab los sis hloov cai siv chmod (hloov hom).
Nyob rau hauv qhov piv txwv saum toj no, cov cai rau cov ntaub ntawv rau cov lus nug yuav raug xa los ntawm chmod 764 filename . Tus xov tooj 764 yog muab los ntawm:
- rwe = 4 (nyeem) + 2 (sau) + 1 (ua kev) = 7
- rw = 4 (nyeem) + 2 (sau ntawv) = 6
- r = 4 (nyeem) = 4
Koj tuaj yeem siv qhov kev hais kom ua chmod kom cob cov cai rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov kev qhia. Nco ntsoov tias Unix thiab Linux lus txib thiab kwv npe yog cov ntaub ntawv rhiab. Koj yuav tsum siv " chmod " thiab tsis yog CHMod los yog lwm yam kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ntawv saud.
Yuav ua li cas siv lub chmod hais kom ua:
- tag nrho kev nkag mus rau txhua tus neeg:
- chmod 777 filename
- tag nrho nkag mus rau tus tswv thiab pab pawg hauv kev tsim nyog, tab sis lwm cov neeg siv tau tuaj yeem nyeem thiab ua:
- chmod 775 filename
- tag nrho nkag mus rau tus tswv, tab sis restricting pab pawg neeg thiab lwm tus neeg siv cai tsuas yog nyeem thiab ua rau cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov directory:
- chmod 755 dirname
- tag nrho nkag rau tus tswv tsev uas tsis muaj cai los yog muaj cai rau lwm tus:
- chmod 700 filename
- tsis pub nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv hauv phau ntawv rau cov pab pawg lossis lwm cov neeg siv thiab tus tswv txwv txwv tsis pub nyeem ntawv thiab ua txhaum cai los tiv thaiv cov lus yuam kev lossis kev hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov directory:
- chmod 500 dirname
- cia tus tswv thiab nyeem ntawv nyeem thiab sau ntawv nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv, tso cai rau lwm tus neeg los hloov lossis rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv nrog rau tus tswv, tab sis tsis muaj ntaub ntawv rau lwm cov neeg siv:
- chmod 660 filename