Txiav txim siab Yuav ua li cas ib qho kev soj ntsuam hauv LCD yog ntawm Kev Tso Tsiaj
Xim gamut hais txog ntau theem ntawm cov xim uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim tau los ntawm lub tshuab ntaus ntawv. Muaj ob hom xim thooj, ntxiv thiab sib rho. Additive yog hais txog xim uas yog tsim los ntawm kev sib tov ua ke cov xim lub teeb kom tsim tau xim kawg. Qhov no yog qhov style siv los ntawm cov koos pis tawj, televisions thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Nws yog feem ntau hu ua RGB raws li xim liab, ntsuab thiab xiav uas siv los ua kom muaj xim. Roj dua yog qhov siv los ntawm qhov sib tov ua ke kom tsis txhob muaj lub teeb ci uas tsim tawm xim. Qhov no yog qhov siv rau txhua daim ntawv luam tawm xws li duab, ntawv xov xwm, thiab cov phau ntawv. Nws tseem yog feem ntau hu ua CMYK raws li cyan, magenta, daj thiab dub pigments siv nyob rau hauv lub printing.
Txij li thaum peb tham txog LCD ntsuas nyob rau hauv qhov tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tau saib ntawm RGB colour gamuts thiab saib xyuas ntau npaum li cas rau cov xim. Qhov teeb meem yog tias muaj ntau yam xim txawv gamuts uas muaj ib qho screen tau muab tso rau los ntawm.
sRGB, AdobeRGB, NTSC thiab CIE 1976
Yuav kom paub ntau npaum li cas ib lub cuab yeej ua tau haujlwm zoo, nws siv ib qho ntawm cov xim colorized uas txhais tau tias muaj ntau yam xim. Qhov feem ntau ntawm RGB raws li xim gamuts yog sRGB. Qhov no yog xim xim siv rau txhua lub computer kev qhia, TV, koob yees duab, cov yeeb yaj duab thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nws yog ib yam ntawm cov hlob thiab yog li no qhov luv ntawm cov xim daj uas siv rau hauv kev siv computer thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
AdobeRGB tau tsim los ntawm Adobe los ua cov xim gamut kom muaj ntau yam xim ntawm sRGB. Lawv tsim qhov no kom siv nrog lawv cov kev pabcuam los ntawm ntau yam xws li Photoshop los ua kom cov tub txawg muaj xim zoo dua thaum lawv ua haujlwm ntawm cov duab thiab cov duab ua ntej hloov qhov luam tawm. CMYK muaj ntau xim ntau dua piv rau RGB gamuts, yog li cov AdobeRGB wider kom zoo dua ib phau ntawv txhais lus ntawm cov xim los sau dua sRGB.
NTSC yog xim qhov chaw tsim rau ntau yam xim uas tuaj yeem sawv cev rau tib neeg qhov muag. Nws tseem yog tsuas yog tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov xim pom tau tias tib neeg yeej pom thiab tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov xim yau. Ntau tus yuav xav hais tias qhov no tau ua nrog cov ntawv xov xwm hauv TV uas nws muaj npe tom qab, tab sis nws tsis yog. Ntiaj teb tiag tiag li ntawm lub hnub tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau mus txog theem ntawm cov xim nyob rau hauv ib qho khoom.
Qhov kawg ntawm cov xim gamuts uas tau hais los ntawm LCD saib xim muaj peev xwm yog qhov CIE 1976. CIE colour spaces yog ib qho ntawm cov thawj txoj hauv kev los txhais cov xim tshwj xeeb. Lub 1976 version ntawm qhov no yog xim tshwj xeeb chaw uas yog siv rau kev qhia txog kev ua tau zoo ntawm lwm cov xim. Nws yog qhov nqaim me me thiab feem ntau yog ib qho uas muaj ntau lub tuam txhab nyiam siv raws li nws muaj feem pua tshaj tus naj npawb ntawm lwm tus.
Yog li, kom muaj nuj nqis ntau xim gamuts ntawd lawv cov txheeb ze ntau yam ntawm cov xim ntawm qhov nqaim mus rau widest yuav: CIE 1976 Cov saib xyuas feem ntau nqi ntawm lawv cov xim los ntawm cov feem pua ntawm cov xim tawm ntawm cov xim gamut uas ua tau. Yog li, tus saib xyuas uas nyob ntawm 100% NTSC tuaj yeem tso saib tag nrho cov xim hauv NTSC xim gamut. Ib qho screen nrog 50% NTSC colour gamut tsuas yog sawv cev ib nrab ntawm cov xim. Qhov nruab nrab computer monitor yuav tso tawm 70 mus rau 75% ntawm NTSC xim gamut. Qhov no zoo rau ntau tus neeg thaum lawv raug siv rau cov xim uas lawv tau pom hauv lub xyoo los ntawm TV thiab video los. (72% ntawm NTSC zoo li sib npaug li 100% ntawm sRGB xim gamut.) Cov CRTs siv feem ntau tube televisions thiab xim saib xyuas kuj ua tau tshaj li 70% xim gamut. Cov neeg uas tab tom nrhiav los siv cov duab rau cov hauj lwm hauv kev ua haujlwm rau ib qho kev nyiam ua haujlwm lossis kev ua haujlwm yuav xav tau ib yam dab tsi uas muaj ntau ntau xim. Qhov no yog qhov ntau ntawm cov xim tshiab lossis cov lus qhia ntau yam hauv gamer tau tuaj ua si. Hauv kev txiav txim rau ib cov zaub yuav tsum tau teev muaj lub dav gamut, nws feem ntau yuav tsum tsim muaj tsawg kawg yog 92% NTSC xim gamut. Lub LCD monitor lub backlight yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim xyuas nws cov xim gamut zuag qhia tag nrho. Qhov teeb meem feem ntau siv hauv LCD yog CCFL (Cold-Cathode Fluorescent Light). Cov no feem ntau ua tau ib ncig ntawm 75% NTSC xim gamut. Improved CCFL teeb tau siv los tsim kom muaj 100% NTSC. Newer LED backlighting tau tau ua kom muaj ntau dua 100% NTSC xim gamuts. Muaj lus hais tias, feem ntau LCDs siv ib qho yooj yim dua qhov system uas ua tau qis dua ntawm cov xim gamut uas yog ze rau cov generic CCFL. Yog hais tias ib lub LCD monitor xim nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau koj lub computer, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom paub seb xim npaum li cas tiag. Chaw tsim tshuaj paus specs uas sau cov xim muaj feem ntau tsis pab tau thiab feem ntau tsis yog thaum nws tawm los rau lawv tau ua dab tsi tawm tsam yam lawv saib tau zoo li cas. Vim li no, cov neeg tau txais kev pab yuav tsum tau kawm paub tseeb tias tus saib cov xim zoo li cas. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov neeg tau txais kev pabcuam zoo tshaj qhov sawvdaws ntawm qhov ntsuas saib puas muaj peev xim ntawm cov xim. Nco ntsoov paub seb qhov feem pua yog qhov zoo li cov xim gamut uas feem pua yog raws li. Ntawm no yog ib daim ntawv teev ceev ntawm ntau hom rau ntau theem ntawm cov lus: Thaum kawg, ib tug yuav tsum nco ntsoov hais tias cov xov tooj no yog los ntawm thaum cov zaub yog tag nrho kev kho. Feem ntau cov lus qhia thaum lawv raug xa mus los ntawm theem pib xim tawv heev thiab yuav yog me ntsis ntawm ib qhov chaw ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, txhua tus neeg xav tau ib qib siab ntawm cov xim yuav tsum calibrate koj cov zaub nrog profiles kom zoo thiab cov kev kho uas siv lub cuab tam ntawm kev kho. Dab tsi yog qhov xim Xim Gamut ntawm lub Zaub?
Txoj kev xaus