Nws yog feem ntau to taub tias muaj cov kev txwv tsis pub tso tawm li cas peb tuaj yeem siv ntau yam ntaub ntawv digital. Piv txwv li, neeg feem coob tsis xav tias lawv yuav tsum luam cov movie tawm ntawm DVD lossis Blu-Ray thiab tom qab ntawd xa cov yeeb yaj kiab mus rau hauv Internet dawb.
Tib neeg yuav tsis paub, li cas, yog li cas cov kev siv tsis tau tso cai yog kev tiv thaiv. Muaj ntau ntau cov technologies uas siv los ua qhov no, tab sis lawv txhua tus poob rau hauv qeb ntawm Digital Rights Management, los yog DRM.
Cov Kev Cai Tswj Cov Cai
Cov Kev Xaiv Cov Cai yog ib lub tshuab uas tsim tej lub caij nyoog zoo txog li cas qee cov ntaub ntawv tawm digital-xws li suab paj nruag, tsos, thiab cov phau ntawv-yuav siv tau thiab sib koom.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm Digital Rights Management nrog rau ib yam khoom yog feem ntau tsim los ntawm tus tswv ntawm lub xov xwm digital (piv txwv li, lub tuam txhab sau tseg pom tias DRM txuas nrog lub suab paj nruag nws ua kom muaj digital). DRM yog encoded rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sim kom nws tsis yooj yim sua kom tshem tawm. Lub DRM mam li tswj kom cov ntaub ntawv coj zoo thiab siv tau rau, thaum kawg-cov neeg siv computer.
DRM nquag siv los tiv thaiv yam khoom zoo li kev sib koom ntawm MP3s ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ua lag luam lossis kom paub tseeb tias cov neeg yuav cov nkauj lawv download hauv Internet.
Cov Kev Xaiv Cov Cai tsis muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov zauv cov ntaub ntawv. Feem ntau hais lus, nws tsuas yog siv cov khoom muag los ntawm cov khw muag khoom hauv online los yog cov software tsim tawm. Nws tsis yog siv nyob rau hauv scenarios uas tus neeg siv tsim cov ntaub ntawv digital, xws li ripping suab paj nruag los ntawm CD . Cov ntaub ntawv lub digital tsim tawm hauv qhov ua piv txwv ntawd yuav tsis nqa DRM rau lawv.
Siv cov DRM nrog iPod, iPhone, thiab iTunes
Thaum Apple qhia Apple iTunes khw muag suab paj nruag los siv rau iPod (thiab tom qab lub iPhone), tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv suab paj nruag muag muaj DRM. Lub Digital Rights Management system siv los ntawm iTunes tso cai rau cov neeg siv nruab thiab ua nkauj ua ke yuav los ntawm iTunes txog li 5 computers-tus txheej txheem xa mus rau kev tso cai . Txhim kho thiab ua si zaj nkauj ntawm cov computers ntau (feem ntau) tsis tau.
Qee cov tuam txhab siv ntau tshaj DRM, xws li ua yeeb yaj kiab ua si thaum tus neeg tuaj yeem ua rau qee qhov kev pab cuam suab paj nruag, txua cov ntaub ntawv thiab ua rau nws tsis tau yog lawv rho npe. Qhov kev qhia no yog siv los ntawm Spotify, Apple Music, thiab cov kev pab zoo sib xws .
Tej zaum yuav nkag siab, Digital Rights Management tsis tshua tau nrov nrog cov neeg tau txais kev pab thiab tau tsuas yog dav dav txhawb los ntawm cov tuam txhab tawm xov xwm thiab ib co neeg ua yeeb yam. Consumer rights advocates tau them nqi rau cov neeg siv yuav tsum tau qhib cov khoom uas lawv yuav tau txawm tias lawv yog cov digital thiab tias DRM txwv tsis pub ua qhov no.
Thaum Apple siv DRM rau xyoo ntawm iTunes, nyob rau lub xyoo 2008, lub tuam txhab tshem tawm DRM los ntawm txhua zaj nkauj muag tom khw. DRM tsis siv ntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv cov nkauj muas ntawm cov khw iTunes, tiam sis ib daim ntawm nws yog tseem muaj nyob rau hauv cov nram qab no hom ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum downloaded los yog yuav los ntawm iTunes:
- Audiobooks
- iBooks
- Yees duab
- Apps
TSEEM CEEB: Vim Li Cas Cov Ntaub Ntawv Muaj "Purchased" thiab Lwm Tus "Tiv Thaiv"?
Ua li cas DRM Works
Siv DRM ntau lub suab sib txawv, tab sis feem ntau hais lus, DRM ua hauj lwm los ntawm kev siv cov ntaub ntawv hauv kev ua ntaub ntawv thiab muab ib txoj kev los xyuas tias qhov khoom siv raug raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawd.
Yuav ua kom yooj yim to taub, cia siv tus piv txwv ntawm cov suab paj nruag. Ib cov ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm muaj DRM kos nyob rau hauv nws uas tso cai rau nws tsuas yog siv los ntawm tus neeg uas yuav nws. Thaum twg cov nkauj tau yuav, tus neeg ntawd tus account tus account yuav tsum txuas nrog cov ntaub ntawv. Tom qab ntawd, thaum ib tus neeg siv ua suab nkauj, ib daim ntawv thov yuav raug xa mus rau DRM cov neeg siv tuaj xyuas saib seb tus neeg siv tus account muaj cai tso cai rau zaj nkauj. Yog tias nws ua, zaj nkauj yuav ua si. Yog tias tsis yog, tus neeg siv yuav tau txais ib qho lus yuam kev.
Ib txoj kev downside ntawm qhov kev qhia no yog qhov kev pab cuam uas tshawb xyuas cov DRM cai tsis ua haujlwm rau qee yam. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub, legitimately yuav cov ntsiab lus yuav tsis muaj.
Qhov Decline ntawm Digital Rights Management
DRM yog, nyob rau qee qhov chaw, kev siv tshuab tsis tshua muaj teeb meem, vim muaj qee tus neeg tawm tsam tias nws yuav siv tau cov cai uas cov neeg tau txais kev pab muaj nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb. Cov tswv ntawm cov xov xwm uas ntiav DRM sib cav sib ceg tias nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau xyuas kom lawv raug them rau lawv cov khoom.
Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo caum los yog li ntawm digital xov xwm, DRM muaj ntau thiab nrov nrog cov tuam txhab tsim tawm-tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab kev cuam tshuam kev pab cuam xws li Napster . Qee cov neeg siv tshuab tech-savvy kev pom muaj ntau txoj kev los tua ob hom DRM thiab ywj pheej tawm cov ntaub ntawv digital. Tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm ntau DRM cov kev lag luam thiab siab los ntawm cov neeg tawm tswv yim pab coj ntau lub koom haum tshaj tawm xov xwm kom hloov lawv cov kev cai.
Raws li ntawm kev sau ntawv no, cov kev pabcuam subscription zoo li Apple Music uas muaj cov suab paj nruag unlimited ntev npaum li koj tau them tus nqi them txhua hli yog ntau ntau dua cov kev tswj cov cai.