Yuav ua li cas online kev ruaj ntseg ua haujlwm
Nrog ntau cov ntaub ntawv loj rau kev ua txhaum hauv xov xwm tsis ntev los no, tej zaum koj yuav xav tau li cas koj cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv thaum koj nyob online. Koj paub, koj mus rau hauv ib lub website kom qee yam khoom, sau koj tus credit card naj npawb, thiab cia siab tias ob peb hnub ib pob tuaj txog ntawm koj lub qhov rooj. Tab sis tam sim no ua ntej koj nias Xaj , koj puas tau xav tias kev ruaj ntseg hauv internet ua haujlwm li cas?
Cov Hauv Paus Tsev Kawm Ntawv Kev Nyab Xeeb
Nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv tshaj tawm, kev ruaj ntseg hauv Internet - qhov kev ruaj ntseg uas yuav siv qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm koj lub computer thiab lub website koj tuaj xyuas - yog ua tiav ntawm cov lus nug thiab cov lus teb. Koj ntaus tus web chaw nyob hauv koj tus browser , ces koj tus browser nug qhov chaw no kom paub tseeb tias nws qhov tseeb, qhov chaw teb rov qab nrog cov lus qhia uas tsim nyog, thiab ib zaug ob leeg pom zoo, qhov chaw qhib hauv koj qhov web browser.
Ntawm cov lus nug thiab cov ntaub ntawv muab sib hloov yog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog hom kev encryption uas yog siv los kom dhau koj cov ntaub ntawv browser, computer cov ntaub ntawv, thiab tej ntaub ntawv ntawm koj tus browser thiab lub website. Cov lus nug thiab lus teb no yog hu ua kev sib tuav tes. Yog tias txoj kev sib tuav tes tsis yog qhov chaw, ces lub vas sab koj tab tom sim mus saib xyuas yuav tsis zoo.
HTTP vs. HTTPS
Ib qho uas koj yuav pom thaum koj mus saib cov chaw hauv lub vev xaib yog qee qhov muaj qhov chaw nyob uas pib ntawm http thiab qee qhov pib nrog https . HTTP txhais tau hais tias Kev Tiv Thaiv Cov Ncauj Lus Cov Ncauj Lus ; nws yog tus txheej txheem los yog cov txheej txheem uas tsim kev sib txuas lus ruaj ntseg hauv internet. Tej zaum koj yuav pom tias qee qhov chaw, tshwj xeeb qhov chaw uas koj tau hais kom muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb lossis ntaub ntawv qhia tau tus kheej tuaj yeem tso saib https nyob rau hauv ntsuab lossis liab nrog ib txoj kab ntawm nws. HTTPS txhais tau tias "Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure", thiab ntsuab txhais tau hais tias lub tsev kawm ntawv muaj kev pov thawj txog kev ruaj ntseg. Liab nrog ib txoj kab ntawm nws txhais tau hais tias lub tsev kawm ntawv tsis muaj daim ntawv pov thawj kev ruaj ntseg, los yog daim ntawv pov thawj yog tsis muaj tseeb los yog tas sij hawm.
Nov yog qhov twg tau txais me ntsis ruam. HTTP tsis tau txhais tias cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm ntawm koj lub computer thiab lub website yog encrypted. Nws tsuas txhais tau tias lub website uas txuas lus nrog koj tus browser muaj ib daim ntawv pov thawj ruaj ntseg. Tsuas yog thaum S (raws li nyob hauv HTTP S ) yog cov ntaub ntawv uas tau muab xa mus rau qhov muaj kev ruaj ntseg, thiab muaj lwm txoj hauv kev siv uas ua rau qhov tsim nyog tau txais.
To taub SSL kev cai
Thaum koj xav txog kev sib koom tes nrog ib tug neeg, nws txhais tau hais tias muaj ib feem ob qho kev koom tes. Kev ruaj ntseg hauv online yog ntau txoj kev. Rau kev sib tuav tes ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg nyob online, yuav tsum muaj ob tog koom nrog. Yog tias HTTPS yog tus qauv uas lub web browser siv los xyuas kom paub tseeb tias muaj kev ruaj ntseg, ces ob feem ntawm kev sib tuav tes yog qhov qauv uas ua kom pom zoo.
Encryption yog cov cuab yeej siv uas yog siv los thaiv cov ntaub ntawv uas tau muab ntawm ob qho khoom siv ntawm lub network. Nws tau ua tiav los ntawm kev xa cov cim uas cim tau los rau hauv kev xa rov qab mus rau nws lub xeev qub uas yog siv qhov kev yuam kev encryption. Qhov no tau ua tiav los ntawm lub tshuab hu ua Secure Socket Layer (SSL) kev ruaj ntseg.
Hauv essence, SSL yog technology uas hloov cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib lub vas sab thiab ib tus browser hauv gibberish thiab tom qab ntawd rov qab mus rau cov ntaub ntawv dua. Ntawm no yog li cas nws ua haujlwm:
- Koj qhib koj tus browser thiab ntaus ntawv hauv qhov chaw nyob rau koj lub txhab nyiaj.
- Koj lub web browser pam ntawm lub txhab nyiaj thiab qhia koj.
- Tus neeg ua hauj lwm lees paub tias koj yog leej twg uas koj hais tias koj yog leej twg thiab pom zoo cia koj ua ib qho teeb meem.
- Koj lub web browser pom zoo rau cov xwm txheej no thiab tom qab ntawd koj tau tso cai rau nkag mus hauv lub tsev txhab nyiaj lub website.
Cov txheej txheem rov qab ua dua thaum koj nkag mus rau koj tus neeg siv lub npe thiab tus password, nrog qee cov kauj ruam ntxiv.
- Koj nkag mus rau koj tus us username thiab password kom nkag mus rau koj tus account.
- Koj lub web browsers qhia lub txhab nyiaj tus thawj tswj saib xyuas uas koj xav nkag mus rau koj tus account.
- Lawv hais thiab pom zoo tias yog tias koj tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv tseeb, ces koj yuav raug tso cai nkag. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntawv pov thawj yuav tsum tau muab nthuav tawm uas yog siv hom lus tshwj xeeb.
- Lub web browser thiab tus thawj coj ntawm tus as-qhauj pom zoo rau cov lus uas yuav siv.
- Lub web browser hloov koj tus neeg siv lub npe thiab tus password rau hauv cov lus tshwj xeeb thiab muab nws mus rau lub txhab nyiaj tus account manager.
- Tus neeg saib xyuas tus account tau txais cov ntaub ntawv, txiav txim siab, thiab muab nws piv rau lawv cov ntaub ntawv.
- Yog tias koj daim ntawv pov thawj sib tw, koj tau tso cai rau koj tus account.
Tus txheej txheem yuav siv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv nano vib nas this, yog li koj tsis pom tias lub sijhawm nws yuav siv rau qhov kev sib tham tag nrho thiab kev sib tuav tes coj qhov chaw ntawm lub vas sab thiab lub vas sab.
SSL vs TLS
SSL yog thawj qhov kev ruaj ntseg raws cai uas tau siv los xyuas kom cov websites thiab cov ntaub ntawv dhau ntawm lawv tau ruaj ntseg. Raws li GlobalSign, SSL tau nkag rau xyoo 1995 raws li version 2.0. Tus thawj version (1.0) yeej tsis tau nws txoj kev mus rau hauv lub tsev sau. Version 2.0 tau hloov los ntawm version 3.0 nyob rau hauv ib lub xyoo los hais txog qhov vulnerabilities nyob hauv tus qauv. Nyob rau xyoo 1999, lwm tus SSL, hu ua Transport Layer Security (TLS) yog los pab txhim kho txoj kev sib txuas lus thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm kev sib tuav tes. TLS yog tus version uas tam sim no siv, tab sis nws yog feem ntau tseem hu ua SSL rau lub hom phiaj ntawm simplicity.
TLS Encryption
TLS encryption tau qhia los txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv kev ruaj ntseg. Thaum SSL yog qhov zoo technology, kev hloov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm kev ceev ceev, thiab uas ua rau kev xav tau zoo, muaj kev ruaj ntseg tshiab. TLS tau ua nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm SSL nrog kev txhim kho tseem ceeb rau lub algorithms uas tswj cov kev sib txuas lus thiab kev tuav tes.
Uas TLS Version Yog Feem Ntau Tam Sim No?
Raws li nrog SSL, TLS encryption tau txuas ntxiv mus. Tam sim no TLS version 1.2, tab sis TLSv1.3 twb tau tsim thiab qee cov tuam txhab thiab browsers tau siv txoj kev ruaj ntseg rau cov sij hawm luv luv. Feem ntau, lawv rov qab mus rau TLSv1.2 vim tias version 1.3 tseem ua tau zoo dua.
Thaum finalized, TLSv1.3 yuav coj cov kev txhim kho sab nraud heev, nrog rau kev pab txhawb ntxiv rau hom tshuaj ntxiv tam sim no. Txawm li cas los xij, TLSv1.3 tseem yuav poob cov kev them nyiaj yug rau cov laus dua SSL thiab lwm yam kev ruaj ntseg uas tsis muaj kev ruaj ntseg txaus kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab encryption ntawm koj tus kheej cov ntaub ntawv.