Tsuas yog muaj ntau cov tsev neeg tau txais kev pabcuam hauv lawv lub tsev sib txuas lus, cov tuam txhab thiab lwm lub lag luam kuj siv computer networks hauv lawv cov haujlwm txhua hnub. Ob lub tsev thiab cov lag luam sib koom tes siv ntau yam ntawm cov kev yees duab tib. Txawm li cas los xij, cov lag luam kev lag luam (tshwj xeeb yog cov nyob hauv cov tuam txhab loj) muab tso ntxiv nta thiab siv tau.
Lag Luam Network Tsim
Cov chaw khiav hauj lwm me me thiab chaw ua hauj lwm hauv tsev (SOHO) feem ntau yog ua haujlwm nrog ib lossis ob lub koom txoos cheeb tsam (LANs) , txhua tus tswj los ntawm nws tus kheej lub router . Cov kev ua si no yog tsim hauv tsev network tsim.
Thaum cov lag luam loj tuaj, lawv lub network layouts nthuav dav rau cov leb loj dua ntawm LANs. Cov tuam txhab tsim los ntawm ntau qhov chaw nyob hauv kev sib txuas ntawm lawv qhov chaw ua haujlwm, hu ua lub tsev kawm ntawv thaj chaw thaum lub tsev sib txig sib luag thiab lub network thoob plaws (WAN) thaum ib lub zos lossis txawv tebchaws.
Cov tuam txhab lag luam yog cov ua kom cov tes hauj lwm hauv zos rau Wi-nkaus wireless nkag, txawm hais tias cov lag luam loj kuj ntiav lawv cov chaw ua hauj lwm nrog kev sib luag hluav taws xob hauv Ethernet kom muaj peev xwm thiab kev ua tau zoo dua.
Cov lag luam kev lag luam thiab Internet
Feem ntau ntawm cov tuam txhab tso cai rau lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm nkag mus rau hauv Internet los ntawm hauv lub lag luam network. Qee cov khoom siv hauv Internet lim kev siv tshuab kom tsis pub nkag mus rau tej qhov Web site lossis cov puav. Cov kev lim dej no siv cov txheej txheem ntawm Internet sau npe (xws li cov duab liab qab lossis kev twv txiaj), chaw nyob thiab cov ntsiab lus cov ntsiab lus uas tau ua txhaum los ntawm lub tuam txhab tau txais kev siv txoj cai . Qee tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev network tseem txhawb nqa cov khoom siv hauv Internet los ntawm lawv cov saib xyuas kev lag luam, tiam sis cov koom siv yuav siv ntau qhov kev lag luam software uas muaj peev xwm thiab kim tshaj.
Cov lag luam tej zaum tseem muaj peev xwm pab cov neeg ua haujlwm nkag mus rau hauv lub tuam txhab network ntawm lawv lub tsev los yog lwm qhov chaw sab nraud, muaj peev xwm ua tau hu ua chaw taws teeb . Ib lub lag luam muaj peev xwm tsim cov private virtual network (VPN) servers los txhawb kev nkag mus rau tej thaj chaw deb , nrog cov neeg ua hauj lwm lub tshuab computer txhawm rau siv sib piv VPN neeg siv software thiab kev ruaj ntseg chaw.
Muab piv rau cov tuam txhab hauv tsev, cov lag luam kev lag luam xa tawm ( upload ) ntau dua ntim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thoob plaws hauv Internet uas ua los ntawm muas ntawm tuam txhab Web site, email, thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm sab nraud. Cov kev pabcuam hauv cov chaw hauv cov chaw hauv zej zos feem ntau muab lawv cov neeg tuaj yeem xa lawv cov neeg tuaj yeem xa cov ntaub ntawv xa rov qab tuaj rau qhov qis dua rau uploads, tab sis kev lag luam hauv Internet yuav cia siab dua nqi them rau qhov laj thawj no.
Intranets thiab Extranets
Tuam txhab uas muag tau teem kho nrog lub Web servers nrog rau cov kev lag luam private lag luam nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm. Tej zaum lawv yuav muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw sab hauv, instant messaging (IM) thiab lwm yam kev sib txuas lus hauv lwm yam. Ua ke cov tshuab no ua ib qho lag luam intranet . Tsis zoo li Internet email, IM thiab Web cov kev pabcuam uas muaj kev tshaj tawm, cov kev pabcuam intranet tsuas yog nkag tau los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm nkag mus rau hauv lub network.
Cov lag luam loj hauv kev lag luam kuj tseem cia sib qiv qee cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog cov tuam txhab. Qee lub sij hawm hu ua extranets lossis lag luam ua lag luam (B2B) network, cov kev sib txuas lus no yog siv cov kev mus yoojyim thiab / lossis nkag mus rau hauv cov Web sites.
Lag luam Network Security
Cov tuam txhab muaj nuj nqis tshwj xeeb cov ntaub ntawv ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg network. Cov lag luam ruaj ntseg-feem ntau yog siv cov kev ntsuas ntxiv los tiv thaiv lawv tes hauj lwm tshaj li cov tib neeg ua rau lawv cov tsev hauv tsev .
Yuav kom tiv thaiv tsis tau kev tso cai los ntawm kev koom nrog ib lub lag luam network, cov tuam txhab tau siv lub npe nruab nrab ntawm kev ruaj ntseg . Cov no yuav tsum tau siv cov neeg siv los tshawb xyuas cov passwords uas tau tshawb xyuas tawm tsam lub network directory, thiab lawv kuj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov cuab yeej kho vajtse thiab cov software tsim los xyuas tias nws tau tso cai rau koom tes nrog.
Cov neeg ua hauj lwm hauv tuam txhab tsis muaj npe tsis zoo rau kev xaiv ua tsis zoo rau lawv cov passwords, yooj yim hacked npe xws li "password1" thiab "txais tos." Pab tiv thaiv lub lag luam network, lub tuam txhab IT regulators tsim txoj cai password uas txhua lub tshuab pub koom nrog nws yuav tsum tau ua raws li. Lawv kuj tau teem caij cov passwords ntawm lawv cov neeg ua hauj lwm kom ncua sij hawm, yuam kom lawv hloov, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb los txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg. Thaum kawg, cov thawj coj kuj tau tsim cov qhua tes rau cov neeg tuaj saib xyuas. Qhib cov neeg qhua muab cov qhua nkag mus rau hauv Internet thiab qee cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog cov tuam txhab tsis tas tso cai rau cov tuam txhab tseem ceeb lossis lwm cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv .
Cov lag luam siv cov txheej txheem ntxiv los txhim kho lawv cov ntaub ntawv kev ruaj ntseg . Network backup systems ib txwm ntes thiab nrhiav kev lag luam tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam thiab cov neeg siv khoom. Ib co tuam txhab lag luam xav kom cov neeg ua hauj lwm tsim VPN txuas thaum siv cov tes hauj lwm hauv Wi-nkaus, los tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv huab cua.