Kev ruaj ntseg pane xaiv tso cai rau koj tswj hwm kev ruaj ntseg ntawm tus neeg siv nyiaj ntawm koj lub Mac. Tsis tas li, Xaiv lub Piam thaj tsam qhov chaw yog qhov chaw koj configure koj lub Firewall, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm los yog tawm rau koj tus username.
Lub Piam thaj tsam qhov kev xav tau muab faib ua peb seem.
Kev Thaj Tsib Xeeb: Kev tswj cov kev siv lo lus password, tshwj xeeb, seb cov passwords yuav tsum muaj rau qee yam kev ua ub no. Tswj tsis siv neeg cav tawm-ntawm ib tus neeg siv nyiaj. Cia koj qhia meej seb qhov kev pab cuam nyob qhov twg tau nkag mus rau koj lub Mac qhov chaw cov ntaub ntawv.
FileVault : Tswj cov ntaub ntawv encryption rau koj lub tsev ceev, thiab tag nrho koj cov neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv.
Firewall: Tso cai rau koj los tso los yog lov tes taw koj lub Mac firewall built-in, nrog rau kev txhim kho cov kev siv hluav taws xob ntau yam.
Cia peb pib nrog configuring qhov chaw ruaj ntseg rau koj Mac.
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Tua tawm qhov kev ruaj ntseg Pane Pane
Nias lub Xaiv Tsev Nkag ntawm lub Ncauj Ncuav los sis xaiv 'System Preferences' los ntawm Apple menu.
Nias lub cim ruaj ntseg nyob hauv ntu Tshooj ntawm qhov System Preferences window.
Taug mus rau nplooj ntawv tom ntej kom paub txog Kev Txhim Kho.
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Siv Mac Security Preference Pane - General Mac Security Settings
Mac Security pane pane muaj peb tabs nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub qhov rais. Xaiv qhov General tab kom pib nrog configuring koj Mac qhov chaw ruaj ntseg.
Feem ntu ntawm Kev Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb (Security Pane Pane) tswj cov kev cai tswj hwm rau koj lub Mac. Hauv phau ntawv qhia no, peb yuav qhia koj seb txhua qhov chaw twg ua, thiab yuav ua li cas hloov tau rau qhov chaw. Koj tuaj yeem txiav txim tau yog tias koj xav tau kev txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg muaj los ntawm Lub Xaiv cov kev ruaj ntseg.
Yog tias koj qhia koj Mac nrog lwm tus, los yog koj lub Mac yog nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw uas lwm tus neeg tau yooj yim nkag mus rau nws, koj tuaj yeem hloov qee qhov kev hloov no.
General Mac Security Chaw
Ua ntej koj pib tau hloov, koj yuav tsum xub kuaj koj tus kheej nrog koj lub Mac.
Nias lub cim xauv hauv qab ces kaum sab laug ntawm lub Piam Xam Xaj.
Koj yuav tsum raug xa tawm rau ib tus neeg siv kev tshaj lij thiab tus password . Sau cov lus nug, thiab ces nyem qhov lawv xav tshuaj.
Lub xauv lub icon yuav hloov mus rau ib lub xeev tau xauv. Koj twb npaj txhij lawm los hloov tej yam koj xav tau.
Yuav tsum tau lo lus zais: Yog tias koj tso tus cim kos rau ntawm no, ces koj (los yog tus neeg twg uas siv koj lub Mac) yuav tsum muab tus password rau tus account tam sim no kom tawm tau pw los yog tus nquag nquag. Qhov no yog qhov zoo ntawm kev ruaj ntseg uas yuav ua rau kom pom qhov muag uas koj tab tom ua hauj lwm rau, lossis nkag mus rau koj tus neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv.
Yog tias koj xaiv qhov kev xaiv no, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntawv qhia zaub mov kom xaiv lub sij hawm luv ua ntej yuav tsum tau password. Kuv xav xaiv ib lub sijhawm ntev txaus tias koj tuaj yeem tawm ntawm kev pw tsaug zog los yog tshuaj ntsuam xyuas uas pib poob nthav, tsis tas yuav tsum tau muab ib lo lus zais. Tsib thib ob lossis 1 feeb yog kev xaiv zoo.
Lov tes taw tuaj yeem siv tsis tau: Qhov kev xaiv no yuav tsum tau siv cov neeg los tshawb xyuas lawv tus kheej nrog lawv tus password thaum twg lawv nkag rau.
Yuav tsum tau qhib ib lo lus zais rau txhua tus Txheej Txheem Zej Zog: Nrog cov kev xaiv no xaiv, cov neeg siv yuav tsum tau muab lawv tus account ID thiab password txhua lub sijhawm lawv sim ua kom muaj kev hloov rau kev ruaj ntseg system nyiam. Feem ntau, thawj qhov kev tiv thaiv tau qhib tag nrho kev ruaj ntseg system nyiam.
Teev tawm tom qab xx feeb hauv kev tsis txaus siab: Qhov kev xaiv no cia koj xaiv ib lub sij hawm kaw tsis pub dhau lub sijhawm uas tam sim no tus account-nkag-hauv yuav raug kaw tawm.
Siv kev ruaj ntseg virtual ruaj ntseg: Xaiv cov kev xaiv no yuav yuam cov ntaub ntawv RAM sau rau koj tus tsav nyuaj ua thawj encrypted. Qhov no siv rau ob hom kev siv lag luam hauv virtual thiab kev pw tsaug zog thaum tus txheem ntawm RAM sau rau koj tus tsav nyuab.
Lov tes taw Qhov Chaw Nyob: Qhov xaiv qhov kev xaiv no yuav tiv thaiv koj lub Mac los ntawm qhov chaw muab cov ntaub ntawv rau txhua daim ntawv thov uas xav tau cov ntaub ntawv.
Tshawb lub Tshaj Tawm Tseg Tso Tshem Tawm kom tshem tawm qhov chaw cov ntaub ntawv twb tau siv los ntawm kev siv.
Lov tes taw cov chaw taws teeb ntawm infrared remote control: Yog tias koj Mac yog nruab nrog ib tus IR receiver, qhov kev xaiv no yuav ua rau lub receiver tua, tiv thaiv kom txhob muaj hluav taws xob ntawm IR xa tawm rau koj lub Mac.
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Siv Mac Security Preference Pane - FileVault Settings
FileVault siv lub 128-ntsis (AES-128) encryption tswvyim los tiv thaiv koj cov neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm qhov muag prying. Encrypting koj lub tsev nplaub tshev ua rau nws ua tsis yooj yim rau leej twg mus saib tej ntaub ntawv neeg siv ntawm koj Mac tsis muaj koj tus account lub npe thiab lo lus zais.
FileVault tuaj yeem ua ke rau cov uas muaj Portable Macs uas txhawj txog kev poob lossis kev nyiag. Thaum FileVault tau ua tiav lawm, koj cov ntawv nplaub tshev hauv tsev yuav yog ib daim duab uas muaj ntaub qhwv (encrypted disk image) uas yog siv rau kev nkag mus rau tom qab koj nkag rau hauv. Thaum koj tawm, kaw, lossis pw tsaug zog, daim nplaub tshev hauv tsev yog tsis muaj thiab tsis muaj ntxiv lawm.
Thaum koj xub pib FileVault, koj yuav pom cov txheej txheem encryption yuav siv sij hawm ntev heev. Koj Mac yog hloov tag nrho koj cov ntaub ntawv ceev tseg hauv tsev rau hauv cov duab disk encrypted. Thaum cov txheej txheem encryption tiav, koj Mac yuav encrypt thiab decrypt cov ntaub ntawv raws li xav tau, ntawm cov yoov. Qhov no tau tsuas yog qhov kev nplua me me xwb, ib qho uas koj yuav tsis tshua muaj kev ceeb toom tshwj tsis yog thaum nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv loj heev.
Yog xav hloov FileVault lub chaw, xaiv cov FileVault tab nyob hauv Paiv Cov Kev Ntsuas.
Configuring FileVault
Ua ntej koj pib tau hloov, koj yuav tsum xub kuaj koj tus kheej nrog koj lub Mac.
Nias lub cim xauv hauv qab ces kaum sab laug ntawm lub Piam Xam Xaj.
Koj yuav tsum raug xa tawm rau ib tus neeg siv kev tshaj lij thiab tus password. Sau cov lus nug, thiab ces nyem qhov lawv xav tshuaj.
Lub xauv lub icon yuav hloov mus rau ib lub xeev tau xauv. Koj twb npaj txhij lawm los hloov tej yam koj xav tau.
Teem Tswv Yim Tus Password: Tus naj npawb tus naj npawb yog kev nyab xeeb. Nws tso cai rau koj rov qab qhib koj tus password tshiab thaum koj tsis nco qab koj cov ntaub ntawv nkag teb chaws. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tsis nco qab koj tus neeg siv tus password thiab tus password ntawm tus tswv, koj yuav tsis muaj peev xwm nkag tau rau koj cov neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv.
Qhib Cov ntaub ntawv FileVault: Qhov no yuav ua rau lub FileVault encryption system rau koj tus neeg siv nyiaj. Koj yuav raug nug txog koj tus password thiab mam li muab cov kev xaiv nram no:
Siv kev ruaj ntseg lwv: Qhov kev xaiv no overwrites cov ntaub ntawv thaum koj nchuav tag cov thoob khib nyiab. Qhov no ua kom paub tseeb tias cov ntaub ntawv khib nyiab tsis tau yooj yim.
Siv kev ruaj ntseg virtual ruaj ntseg: Xaiv cov kev xaiv no yuav yuam cov ntaub ntawv RAM sau rau koj tus tsav nyuaj ua thawj encrypted.
Thaum koj hloov FileVault, koj yuav tsum nkag tawm thaum koj Mac encrypts koj cov ntaub ntawv ceev hauv tsev. Qhov no tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev me ntsis, nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm koj daim nplaub tshev tsev.
Thaum cov txheej txheem encryption tiav, koj Mac yuav tso saib tus ID nkag mus, qhov twg koj tuaj yeem muab koj tus password qhib rau hauv.
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Siv Mac Security Preference Pane - Configuring koj lub Firewall
Koj lub Mac suav nrog tus kheej firewall koj siv tau los tiv thaiv kev sib txuas lus network lossis Internet. Mac lub firewall yog ua raws li tus txheej txheem UNIX firewall hu ua ipfw. Qhov no yog qhov zoo, tab sis yog qhov yooj yim, pob ntawv-lim thaiv firewall. Rau qhov kev ruaj ntseg hluav taws xob tshiab no ntxiv cov kua nplaum xaim hluav taws xob, uas yog hu ua firewall daim ntawv thov. Daim ntawv thov firewall ua rau nws yooj yim mus kho qhov chaw teeb tsa kev ruaj ntseg. Tsis tas yuav tsum tau paub txog cov chaw nres nkoj thiab cov txheej txheem tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem hais kom meej tias cov ntawv thov muaj cai ua kom nkag lossis sib txuas.
Yuav pib, xaiv Tus Txheej Txheem Tus Ntaus hauv kev ruaj ntseg pane.
Configuring Mac lub Firewall
Ua ntej koj pib tau hloov, koj yuav tsum xub kuaj koj tus kheej nrog koj lub Mac.
Nias lub cim xauv hauv qab ces kaum sab laug ntawm lub Piam Xam Xaj.
Koj yuav tsum raug xa tawm rau ib tus neeg siv kev tshaj lij thiab tus password. Sau cov lus nug, thiab ces nyem qhov lawv xav tshuaj.
Lub xauv lub icon yuav hloov mus rau ib lub xeev tau xauv. Koj twb npaj txhij lawm los hloov tej yam koj xav tau.
Pib: Cov pob no yuav pib lub Mac firewall. Thaum pib qhib kev firewall, Pib khawm yuav hloov mus rau Lub Nruab Nres.
Advanced: nias lub pob no yuav tso cai rau koj los tsim cov kev xaiv rau Mac lub firewall. Lub pob khawm tsim tau tsuas yog thaum muaj qhov firewall qhib rau.
Advanced Cov Kev Xaiv
Thaiv tag nrho cov khoom sib txuas: Kev xaiv qhov kev xaiv no yuav ua rau cov kev siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv txhua qhov kev sib txuas mus rau cov kev pab cuam uas tsis tseem ceeb. Cov kev pabcuam tseem ceeb raws li tau qhia los ntawm Kua yog:
Configd: Tso cai rau DHCP thiab lwm yam kev pabcuam hauv lub network.
mDNSResponder: Tso cai rau Bonjour raws tu qauv.
Ntaus: Tso cai rau IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) ua haujlwm.
Yog tias koj xaiv los thaiv tag nrho cov khoom sib txuas, ces feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv, kev tshuaj ntsuam, thiab cov ntawv sib koom luam tawm yuav tsis ua haujlwm ntxiv.
Yuav tso cai tau kos npe software kom tau txais cov khoom sib txuas tuaj: Thaum xaiv, qhov kev xaiv no yuav cia ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv kos npe software securely rau daim ntawv teev npe ntawm cov ntawv tso cai kom txais kev sib txuas los ntawm sab nraud network, nrog rau Internet.
Koj tuaj yeem siv ntxiv rau daim ntawv teev npe (firewall) daim ntawv teev npe lim ntawv uas siv ntxiv (+) khawm. Zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm daim ntawv sau los ntawm daim ntawv teev cov khawm rho tawm (-).
Pab kom muaj hom stealth: Thaum ua tau, qhov chaw no yuav tiv thaiv koj lub Mac los ntawm kev teb rau cov lus nug ntawm kev sib tham ntawm lub network. Qhov no yuav ua rau koj Mac tshwm sim tsis yog nyob rau hauv lub network.