Kawm Yuav Sau Ntawv Zoo Tsim thiab Siv Tau XML
Qee lub sij hawm nws yooj yim to taub yuav ua li cas sau zoo-ua XML los ntawm kev pom ib qho piv txwv. Cov ntawv xov xwm hauv Web Writer yog sau nrog ib daim ntawv ntawm XML - Kuv hu nws AML lossis Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb (mus xyuas!). Thaum no yog ib daim ntawv ua hauj lwm, nws tsis yog ua tau zoo los yog siv tau XML daim ntawv.
Zoo Tsim
Muaj qee txoj cai tswj kom tsim tau XML daim ntawv zoo heev:
- Daim ntawv tshaj xo npe ntawm XML yuav tsum xub tuaj hauv txhua daim ntawv.
- Cov lus tsis muaj tseeb nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv. Cov lus yuav tsis muaj ob lub ntsiab lus ua ke, tsis yog pib thiab xaus ntawm qhov kev tawm tswv yim.
- Cov cim yuav tsum muaj tag lossis xaus rau hauv daim ntawv cim npe tus kheej, piv txwv li
. - Txhua qhov cim npe ntawm cov cim npe yuav tsum tau hais, tshaj li ob chav quotes tshwj tsis yog tias tus cwj pwm nws tus kheej muaj cov lus cim thib ob.
- Txhua daim ntawv XML yuav tsum muaj ib lub caij uas muaj tag nrho lwm cov ntsiab lus.
Tsuas muaj ob qho teeb meem nrog cov ntaub ntawv uas ua rau nws tsis zoo-tsim:
Thawj qhov uas hais tias daim ntawv AML xav tau yog daim ntawv tshaj tawm hauv XML.
Lwm qhov teeb meem yog tias tsis muaj ib lub caij uas yuav muab tag nrho lwm cov ntsiab. Txhim kho qhov no, kuv mam li ntxiv ib lub thauv sab nrauv:
Ua ob qho yooj yim hloov (thiab kom ntseeg tau tias tag nrho cov ntsiab lus muaj CDATA nkaus xwb) yuav xa cov ntawv tsis zoo ua rau hauv ib daim ntawv zoo-ua.
Daim ntawv XML uas siv tau yog ua pov thawj tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv Hom Lus Txhais (DTD) lossis XML Schema. Cov no yog ib co kev cai tsim los ntawm tus tsim tawm lossis lub koomhaum cov qauv uas txheeb xyuas cov semantics ntawm daim ntawv XML. Cov no qhia rau lub tshuab computer seb yuav ua li cas nrog tus cim sau npe.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub Hais lus cim lus, vim qhov no tsis yog ib hom lus XML, zoo li XHTML lossis SMIL, DTD yuav tsim los ntawm tus tsim tawm. Hais tias DTD yuav muaj feem xyuam rau tib tus neeg rau zaub mov raws li daim ntawv XML, thiab hais txog nyob saum toj ntawm daim ntawv.
Ua ntej koj pib tsim ib lub DTD lossis Schema rau koj cov ntaub ntawv, koj yuav tsum paub tias tsuas yog los ntawm kev tsim zoo, cov ntawv XML yog self-describing, thiab tsis li no DTD.
Piv txwv, nrog peb cov ntaub ntawv AML zoo, muaj cov cim nram no:
Yog tias koj paub cov ntawv xov xwm hauv Web Writer, koj tuaj yeem paub txog cov seem hauv cov ntawv xov xwm. Qhov no ua rau nws yooj yim los tsim cov ntawv XML tshiab uas siv tib hom txheej txheem. Kuv paub tias kuv yeej yuav tsum tso npe tag nrho hauv daim pib, thiab thawj seem ntawm cov ntawv hauv qab.
DTDs
Yog tias koj yuav tsum tau sau ib daim ntawv XML, siv cov ntaub ntawv los yog ua rau nws, koj yuav tau muab tso rau hauv koj daim ntawv nrog daim pib. Hauv daim ntawv no, koj txhais tau lub ntsiab ntawm XML ntawm daim ntawv, thiab qhov chaw nyob ntawm DTD (feem ntau yog qhov Web URI). Piv txwv li:
Ib qho zoo tshaj plaws txog DTD cov lus tshaj tawm yog tias koj tuaj yeem tshaj tawm tias DTD yog qhov chaw rau lub kaw lus uas teev XML nrog "SYSTEM". Koj tuaj yeem taw tes rau DTD pej xeem, xws li nrog cov ntawv HTML 4.0:
Thaum koj siv ob qho no, koj tab tom qhia daim ntawv los siv lub DTD ib qho (qhov kev txheeb xyuas pej xeem) thiab nrhiav qhov twg (qhov kev txheeb xyuas qhov system).
Thaum kawg, koj tuaj yeem muaj qhov DTD nrog rau hauv daim ntawv, hauv DOCTYPE lossis. Piv txwv (qhov no tsis yog ua tiav DTD rau daim ntawv AML):
< ! ENTITY meta_keywords (#PCDATA)>XML Schema
Yuav kom tsim tau ib daim ntawv XML, koj siv tau daim ntawv XML Schema los txheeb xyuas koj cov lus XML. XML Schema yog ib qho ntawv XML uas qhia txog cov ntawv XML. Kawm yuav ua li cas sau ib lub schema.
Lus Cim
Tsuas taw rau lub DTD lossis XML Schema tsis txaus. XML uas nyob hauv daim ntawv yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai hauv DTD lossis Schema. Siv cov parser validating yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim los xyuas tias koj cov XML yog ua raws li cov cai DTD. Koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ntau yam parsers hauv online.