HTML lus muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus. Cov no muaj xws li siv feem ntau ntawm lub vev xaib xws li cov nqe lus, cov npe, cov kev sib txuas, thiab cov duab. Muaj ntau cov ntsiab lus tshiab uas tau nkag nrog HTML5, suav nrog lub hau, nav, sub, thiab ntau dua. Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm HTML yog siv los tsim cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab muab lub ntsiab lus. Yuav ntxiv cov ntsiab lus ntxiv rau cov ntsiab lus, koj tuaj yeem muab lawv cov cwj pwm.
Ib pib qhib pib HTML tag pib nrog
Ntxiv ib qho attribute rau koj cov HTML tag, koj xub muab tso rau qhov chaw tom qab lub npe lossis daim npe (qhov no yog qhov "p"). Tom qab ntawd koj yuav ntxiv tus cwj pwm npe uas koj xav siv tom qab ntawd los ntawm ib qho kev sib npaug sib npaug. Thaum kawg, tus attribute tus nqi yuav raug muab tso rau hauv cov lus cim tseg. Piv txwv li:
Cov cim npe yuav muaj ntau yam cwj pwm. Koj yuav cais txhua tus attribute los ntawm lwm tus nrog ib qhov chaw.
Cov Qauv Uas Yuav Tsum Tau Muaj
Qee cov ntsiab lus HTML yeej yuav tsum muaj cov cwj pwm yog tias koj xav kom lawv ua haujlwm raws li tau npaj tseg. Daim duab cov duab thiab cov txuas txuas yog ob qho piv txwv ntawm qhov no.
Cov duab duab yuav tsum muaj tus "src" attribute. Tus cwj pwm no qhia txog qhov browser uas koj xav siv hauv qhov chaw ntawd. Tus nqi ntawm tus cwj pwm yuav yog ib txoj hauv kev rau daim duab. Piv txwv li:
Koj yuav pom tias kuv ntxiv lwm tus cwj pwm rau lub caij no, tus "qes" lossis lwm tus cwj pwm ntawv. Qhov no tsis yog technically tus cwj pwm uas yuav tsum tau siv rau cov duab, tab sis nws yog ib qho kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws rau txhua zaus rau cov lus qhia no. Cov ntawv teev nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm qhov attribute sub yog dab tsi yuav tso tawm yog tias tus duab tsis thauj khoom rau qee.
Lwm lub caij uas yuav tsum tau muaj cov cwj pwm tshwj xeeb yog qhov txuas lossis txuas rau. Lub caij no yuav tsum muaj qhov "href" attribute, uas txhais tau tias "hypertext reference." Qhov no yog txoj kev hais tias "qhov txuas qhov twg yuav tsum mus." Ib yam li cov duab duab xav paub txog cov duab twg thauj, paub qhov twg nws xav tau. Here li cas qhov txuas tag yuav saib tau:
Qhov txuas ntawd tam sim no yuav coj ib tug neeg mus rau lub vas sab uas tau teev nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm tus cwj pwm. Hauv qhov no, nws yog lub ntsiab ntawm.
Cwj pwm li CSS Hooks
Kev siv lwm tus cwj pwm yog thaum lawv siv los ua "hooks" rau CSS hom. Vim tias qhov web standards hais tias koj yuav tsum khaws koj cov nplooj ntawv (HTML) cais tawm ntawm nws tus cwj pwm (CSS), koj siv cov attribute hooks hauv CSS los hais txog tias cov nplooj ntawv qhia tawm hauv lub web browser yuav ua li cas. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem muaj daim voj ntawm no hauv koj daim HTML.
Yog tias koj xav kom qhov faib kom muaj xim keeb kwm yav dhau dub (# 000) thiab qhov font loj ntawm 1.5em, koj xav ntxiv qhov no rau koj CSS:
.featured {tom qab xim: # 000; font-loj: 1.5em;}Tus cwj pwm "featured" hauv chav kawm ua raws li kev sib txuas lus uas peb siv hauv CSS los mus ua qauv rau cheeb tsam ntawd. Peb kuj tseem tuaj yeem paub tus cim ID ntawm no yog tias peb xav tau. Ob qho kev kawm thiab cov ID yog cov xeeb ceem, uas txhais tau hais tias lawv tuaj yeem raug ntxiv rau cov khoom. Lawv ua tau ob qho tibsi yuav tsom nrog cov CSS hom uas tau txiav txim siab saib qhov pom ntawm qhov ntawd.
Hais txog Javascript
Thaum kawg, siv cov cim ntawm cov ntsiab lus HTML kuj yog ib yam koj yuav siv tau hauv Javascript. Yog tias koj muaj ib tsab ntawv uas tab tom nrhiav ib lub caij nrog ib tus cwj pwm ID, nws tseem siv lwm feem ntawm cov lus HTML no.