Ib lub website qhov muag pom thiab kev teeb tsa yog dictated los ntawm CSS lossis Cascading Style Sheets. Cov no yog cov ntaub ntawv uas tsim muaj qhov webpage's HTML markup, muab qhov web browsers nrog cov lus qhia txog yuav ua li cas tso saib cov nplooj ntawv uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov cim ntawd. CSS ua haujlwm rau phab ntawv qhov teeb tsa, nrog rau xim, keeb kwm yav dhau los, hom tshuaj thiab ntau ntau.
Yog tias koj saib CSS cov ntaub ntawv, koj yuav pom tau hais tias zoo li txhua hom lus cim los yog lo lus coding, cov ntaub ntawv no muaj ib qho kev syntax rau lawv. Txhua daim ntawv qhia style yog ua los ntawm CSS cov cai. Cov cai no, thaum coj tag nrho, yog yam dab tsi ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv.
Qhov ntawm CSS Rule
Txoj cai CSS yog ua los ntawm ob qho ntawm ntu - tus neeg xaiv tsa thiab qhov tshaj tawm. Tus selector pom tau tias qhov teebmeem nyob rau ntawm nplooj ntawv thiab qhov kev tshaj tawm yog li cas nws yuav tsum tau styled. Piv txwv li:
p {
xim: # 000;
}
Qhov no yog txoj cai CSS. Qhov seem selector yog "p", uas yog lub tshuab selector rau "paragraphs". Nws yuav, yog li ntawd, xaiv TXHUA cov lus nyob rau hauv ib qhov chaw thiab muab cov lus no rau lawv (tshwj tsis yog muaj cov ntsiab lus uas tau npaj los ntawm ntau hom kev xaiv lwm qhov hauv koj daim ntawv CSS).
Ib feem ntawm txoj cai uas hais tias "xim: # 000;" yog dab tsi yog hu ua tus tshaj tawm. Qhov kev tshaj tawm no yog ua los ntawm ob daim - cov cuab yeej thiab tus nqi.
Cov cuab yeej yog "xim" ntawm daim ntawv tshaj tawm no. Nws dictates uas nam ntawm lub selector yuav raug hloov visually.
Tus nqi yog qhov kev hloov CSS uas yuav raug hloov mus rau. Nyob rau hauv peb piv txwv, peb siv tus nqi hex ntawm # 000, uas yog CSS shorthand rau "dub".
Yog li siv cov cai CSS no, peb phab yuav muaj cov ntsiab lus teev nyob rau hauv font-colour of black.
CSS cuab yeej qhia
Thaum koj sau CSS cov khoom, koj tsis tuaj yeem ua lawv li koj pom zoo. Piv txwv, "xim" yog qhov tseeb CSS, ces koj siv tau. Cov cuab yeej no yog dab tsi txiav txim siab cov xim ntawm ib lub caij. Yog koj sim siv "text-color" lossis "font-color" ua CSS cov cuab yeej, cov no yuav tsis tau vim tias lawv tsis yog qhov tseeb ntawm CSS hom lus.
Lwm qhov piv txwv yog qhov khoom "background-image". Cov khoom no teev cov duab uas siv tau rau tom qab, zoo li no:
.logo {
tom qab duab: url (/images/company-logo.png);
}
Yog tias koj sim siv "duab tom qab" los yog "background-graphic" raws li lub cuab yeej, lawv yuav tsis vim tias, dua ib zaug, cov no tsis yog cov CSS tseeb.
Qee cov khoom CSS
Muaj ntau tus CSS cov cuab yeej uas koj tuaj yeem siv tau rau hauv qhov chaw. Piv txwv yog:
- Ciam teb (nrog rau ciam teb-style, ciam-xim, thiab ciam teb-dav)
- Padding (nrog rau padding-top, padding-txoj cai, padding-hauv qab, thiab padding-sab laug)
- Cov nyom (nrog rau cov paj tau paj, saum toj-txoj cai, npoo hauv qab, thiab cov paj tau paj)
- Font-tsev neeg
- Font loj
- Tom qab-xim
- Dav
- Qhov siab
Cov CSS cov khoom no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv ua piv txwv, vim tias lawv yog cov ncaj ncaj thiab, txawm tias koj tsis paub CSS, koj tuaj yeem twv seb lawv ua dab tsi raws lawv lub npe.
Muaj lwm yam CSS cov khoom uas koj yuav ntsib nrog thiab cov uas yuav tsis muaj cuab kav ua li cas lawv ua hauj lwm raws li lawv cov npe:
- Ntab
- Ntshiab
- Overflow
- Cov ntawv nyeem-txua
- Z-index
Thaum koj mus tob rau hauv qhov web tsim, koj yuav ntsib (thiab siv) tag nrho cov khoom no thiab ntau dua!
Cov Khoom Xav Tau
Txhua zaus koj siv ib qho khoom, koj yuav tsum muab nws tus nqi - thiab qee yam khoom yuav tsuas txais qee qhov tseem ceeb.
Nyob rau hauv peb tus piv txwv ntawm cov khoom "xim", peb yuav tsum siv tus nqi xim. Qhov no yuav yog tus nqi hex , RGBA tus nqi, los yog xim tseem ceeb . Ib qho ntawm cov kev cai no yuav ua haujlwm, txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj siv lo lus "tu siab" nrog rau cov cuab yeej no, nws yuav ua tsis tau dab tsi vim, raws li piav raws li cov lus ntawd, nws tsis yog tus nqi lees paub hauv CSS.
Peb tus piv txwv thib ob ntawm "background-duab" yuav tsum tau siv cov duab siv los mus nqa ib qho duab los ntawm koj qhov chaw cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no yog qhov value / syntax uas yuav tsum tau ua.
Txhua CSS cov cuab yeej muaj nuj nqis uas lawv xav tau. Piv txwv li:
- Ciam-xim yog xav kom muaj xim zoo
- Kab lis kev cai loj siab xav tias muaj nqis, xws li pixels los yog feem pua
- Kev Ciam Tebchaws Nyiam Xam Xaj yog ib qho ntawm cov qauv siv rau cov cuab yeej no, xws li "tau"
Yog tias koj mus dhau CSS cov khoom, koj yuav pom tias txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj qhov tshwj xeeb uas lawv yuav siv los tsim cov qauv lawv npaj rau.
Sau los ntawm Jeremy Girard