E-Khib thiab Tag Nrho Nws Muaj
Lub chaw tiv thaiv Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) hais txog Kev Siv Khoom Hluav Taws Xob uas yog "cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas raug muab pov tseg los ntawm cov neeg tau txais kev pab."
Ntawd yog me ntsis vague, yog li xav E-Waste ua hluav taws xob ua dab tsi ntawm qhov koj xav pom nyob rau hauv chav ua noj khib nyiab tuaj yeem ua tau. Tsuas yog nws yog ib qho tshuaj lom.
Tsab xov xwm no yuav tsom rau Hauv Khib Nyiab thiab nws siv licas rau kev siv tv. E-Waste, txawm li cas los, kuj muaj feem xyuam rau hom khoom siv hauv qab no raws li EPA:
- Cov computer saib
- Computers thiab lub computer peripherals
- Cov twj siv lub suab thiab lub tso suab
- VCRs thiab DVD players
- Video cameras
- Cov xov tooj, xov tooj ntawm tes, thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob
- Fax thiab luam cov tshuab
- Video game consoles
E-Khib Nyiab Yog Dab Tsi?
E-Khib yog qhov pov tseg ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Kev lag luam tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau tib neeg thiab ib puag ncig kev noj qab haus huv vim tias ntau cov khoom muaj kuab lom.
Txhob muab pov tseg yuav raug pov tseg koj tus qub analog TV hauv ib thaj teb ntawm koj lub tsev, hauv chaw pov tseg, chaw nres tsheb lossis chaw tsim khoom xa khoom tuaj yeem xa tawm hauv teb chaws. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb rau nco ntsoov tias qhov tsis muaj kev pov tseg yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam uas cuam tshuam rau koj lub qab tsib taug.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm E-Waste hais txog kev siv xov tooj cua los ntawm cov kev hloov digital los ntawm ntau tus neeg thiab cov lag luam uas hloov analog TV nrog cov qauv.
Cov Khoom Phom sij hauv Televisions
Televisions muaj cov hmoov lead, mercury, cadmium, thiab nplaim tawg nti. Raws li EPA, "cov tshuaj no muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom rau cov yeeb yam tseem ceeb, tab sis tuaj yeem tsim teeb meem yog tias cov khoom tsis raug tswj thaum kawg ntawm lub neej."
- Lead yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhawj xeeb vim hais tias ntawm tag nrho cov analog TV uas hloov tshiab vim digital TV. Nws pom muaj nyob hauv cathode txoj kab tshav dav hlau (CRT) TV, uas feem ntau muaj nyob qhov twg ntawm plaub mus rau yim phaus hmoov, uas feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv lub raj.
- Taug txhuas yog lom heev rau tib neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov me nyuam. Hais txog analog televisions, Georgia Department of Human Resources tau hais tias tus menyuam raug teeb meem "yuav tsim muaj ntshav tsis txaus, mob plab, nqaij tsis muaj zog, thiab puas hlwb. Cov kab mob qis qis qis kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam lub hlwb thiab lub cev kev loj hlob. "
- Mercury tsis yog rau cov thermometer raws li nws kuj pom muaj nyob hauv cov rooj sib tham hauv plag tsev. Qhov no yog vim qee qhov teeb pom kev siv tau muaj mercury, uas yog "tshuaj lom nyob rau hauv tsawg heev, thiab ua rau lub hlwb thiab lub raum puas tsuaj" raws li Yuav Rov Qab Kuv TV.
- Teeb nyob rau hauv lub laujkaub tiaj (flat panel) tau zoo tuaj nrog kev tsim cov kabmob txias cathode fluorescent teeb (CCFLs) thiab lub teeb-emitting diode (LED), uas tsis siv mercury.
- Cadmium muaj nyob hauv phosphor txheej uas cov kab hauv sab hauv ntau cov duab CRT. EPA pib tswj cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv 1974 nrog Txoj Cai Dej Txhav Dej Haus.
- Nws yog qhov uas tseem ceeb heev rau kev noj qab haus huv mus ntev. EPA hais tias cadmium tuaj yeem ua rau lub raum, lub siab, tus pob txha thiab cov ntshav puas tsuaj yog tias raug ntau theem nyob ntev.
- Cadmium tuaj yeem txav peb qhov khoom noj los ntawm kev tsiv cov av thiab ua rau cov nplooj, cov qoob lag luam, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov nplej, raws li Lub Chaw Soj Ntsuam Txog Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv thiab Tshuaj.
- Brominated nplhaib tawv nqaij (BFRs) paub tias yuav ua kev puas tsuaj rau hormone thiab kev ua me nyuam. Lawv pom nyob hauv plastics, xws li kev tiv thaiv kab mob, vaj huam sib luag, thiab cables nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv hluav taws.
- Lub koom haum Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition (SVTC) qhia tias BFRs "muaj kev puas hlwb, kev kawm, nco thiab coj tus cwj pwm nyob rau hauv kev soj ntsuam tsiaj." Lub SVTC hais tias BFRs tau pom nyob rau hauv marine mammals, ntses thiab noog qe thiab txiv mis nyuj, ntshav dej thiab adipose ntaub so ntswg.
Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntawm Cov Kab Mob Hauv TV
Lub Department of Human Resources, Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv (Public Health) tau sau ib tsab ntawv qhia txog kev rov qab siv dua thiab rov ua dua ntawm analog televisions vim cov kev hloov digital.
Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia, Dr. Sandra Elizabeth Ford, nws yog tus thawj coj ntawm Division of Public Health, nws hais tias, "Peb tabtom txhawb cov pejxeem kom rov ua dua lossis rov qab siv lawv qhov analog televisions ua ntau qhov teebmeem no yuav poob rau hauv cov chaw pov tseg thiab khib nyiab qhov chaw uas lawv tau qhov ua kom paug cov av thiab av. "
Qhov kev noj qab haus huv no tsis yog tas rau Georgia.
Raws li lub Electronics TakeBack Coalition, kaum ib lub xeev thiab New York City muaj pov tseg txwv txiav kev cai lij choj txog TV. Hauv qab no yog cov npe ntawm cov xeev no nrog rau hnub uas nws tau siv:
- Arkansas - Lub Ib Hlis 2008
- California - Lub Ob Hlis 2006
- Connecticut - Lub Ib Hlis 2011
- Maine - Lub Xya Hli Ntuj 2006
- Massachusetts - Plaub Hlis Ntuj 2000
- Minnesota - Lub Xya Hli Ntuj 2006
- Tshiab Tsho - Lub Ib Hlis 2010
- New Hampshire - Lub Ib Hlis 2007
- New York City - Lub Xya Hli Ntuj 2010
- North Carolina - Lub Ib Hlis 2012
- Oregon - Lub Ib Hlis 2010
- Rhode Island - Lub Xya Hli Ntuj 2008
Kev Ris Dej Num thiab Kev Raug Cai
Lub Tsoom Fwv Tswj Xyuas Saib Xyuas Kev Ris Nem (GAO) tau hais txog kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rov ua dua thaum lub yim hli ntuj xyoo 2008 uas tau hu ua "EPA Xav Kom Muaj Kev Xiam Hloov Taws Xeeb Tebchaws Asmeskas Kev Xiam Hloov Los ntawm Txoj Cai Tswjfwm Ntxiv thiab Kev Tshaj Ntxiv."
GAO voiced kev txhawj xeeb txog American recycling tuam txhab uas muag cov khoom xa hluav taws xob los tsim lub teb chaws kom tawg, uas yog qhov teeb meem vim cov teb chaws no muaj "kev nyab xeeb dua kev coj ua."
Yog li ntawd, GAO tau pom zoo tias EPA pib tswj cov cai thiab ua rau "txoj cai tswjfwm qhov chaw nyob rau qhov chaw ntawm lwm yam kev tsim txom siv hluav taws xob."
Qhov Yuav Siv Koj Lub TV
Nws yuav zoo yog tias txhua lub lag luam uas cog lus tias yuav rov qab ua dua lub TV raws li txoj cai, tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov teeb meem.
Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2008 60 Daim ntawv ceeb toom hu ua "The Electronic Wasteland" tau ua txhaum cai ntawm CRT tus saib xyuas ntawm Denver mus rau Tuam Tshoj uas ua rau ib lub nroog uas muaj txiv neej thiab tsiaj nyob hauv ib qho tshuaj lom. Yees duab: Hauv Cov Khoom Siv Hauv Wasteland
Tej zaum lub website zoo tshaj plaws los nrhiav ib lub koom haum ua dua tshiab yog lub EPA lub vev xaib eCycling, uas teev cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov lag luam tsis yog nyiaj rau cov neeg siv kev lag luam.